Metformin for the treatment of hyperandrogenism in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Background: A high prevalence of hyperandrogenism has been reported in women with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Metformin has been used as a therapeutic agent in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome and in T1D patients without hyperandrogenism. This study sought to determine the effect of metformin on hyperandrogenism and ovarian function in adolescents with T1D.

Ovulation rate in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To study ovulation in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and the effect of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels on their ovulatory function.

Design: Prospective investigation.

Setting: Academic research institute.

Adiponectin serum levels and their relationships to androgen concentrations and ovarian volume during puberty in girls with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Aim: To study the adiponectin levels during puberty in girls with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and their relationship to body mass index (BMI), Tanner stage, ovarian volume (OV), and androgen levels.

Methods: We studied adiponectin and testosterone levels and OV in 56 pubertal girls with DM1 and in 59 healthy girls serving as controls. The effects of DM1, BMI standard deviation scores (BMI SDS), testosterone, and OV over adiponectin levels were assessed.

Ponderal gain, waist-to-hip ratio, and pubertal development in girls with type-1 diabetes mellitus.

Objectives: We assessed pubertal development, height, weight, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), an index of central adiposity during puberty, in girls with type-1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), compared to a contemporary control group.

Methods: Pubertal development, weight, height and WHR were studied in 100 pubertal girls with T1DM, and were compared to a control group of 576 normal girls (C), recruited from schools with a similar socioeconomic level and ethnicity. The age of onset of various pubertal stages was estimated by using probit analysis.