Promising biomedical subcutaneous delivery system in opioid disaccustom process: In vitro/in vivo evaluation of naloxone microparticles on antagonist effect of morphine.

The addiction induced by the misuse of opioids, is not only a public health emergency but also a social and economic welfare. The main therapy is based on opioid antagonists. Oral and injectable naltrexone administration is the most widely used, presenting some inconveniences: poor patient adherence to the oral daily dosing schedule, cases of hepatitis and clinically significant liver dysfunction.

Efficacy of botulinum toxin type A in the management of masticatory myofascial pain: A retrospective clinical study.

Background: Muscular pain is the main cause of disability worldwide. Myofascial pain of orofacial origin is a frequent condition, the treatment of which is not always accomplished with traditional treatment. Botulinum toxin type A (BTA) is being studied for the treatment of this type of pain with contradicting results.

Maternal separation affects the electrophysiological properties of Aδ-fibres and nociceptive behaviours in male and female mice.

Aim: Early life adverse effects have been associated with an increased risk of suffering pain syndromes in adulthood. Although animal models are of great importance to study modifications of pain sensitivity, up to date the results obtained are contradicting due to the varied methodologies used. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to characterise, as a whole, possible modifications in visceral and somatic nociceptive responses in male and female ICR mice, submitted to two different protocols of maternal separation (MS), and possible modifications in the electrophysiological properties of peripheral nociceptive Aδ-primary afferents.

Changes in the diet composition of fatty acids and fiber affect the lower gastrointestinal motility but have no impact on cardiovascular parameters: In vivo and in vitro studies.

Background: Food and diet are central issues for proper functioning of the cardiovascular (CV) system and gastrointestinal (GI) tract. We hypothesize that different types of dietary FAs affect CV parameters as well as GI motor function and visceral sensitivity.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were fed with control diet (CTRL), diet supplemented with 7% soybean oil (SOY), SOY + 3.

Alterations of colonic sensitivity and gastric dysmotility after acute cisplatin and granisetron.

Background: Cisplatin is a highly emetogenic antineoplastic drug and induces peripheral neuropathy when given in cycles. Granisetron, a 5-HT antagonist, is clinically used to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea/emesis and abdominal pain in irritable bowel syndrome. The effects of cisplatin on visceral sensitivity and those of granisetron in the context of cancer chemotherapy are not well known.

Characterization of the nociceptive effect of carrageenan: Masseter versus gastrocnemius.

Introduction: To better understand the pathophysiology of chronic muscle pain, there are multiple animal models that mimic different acute/chronic pain conditions, such as carrageenan injection. Our previous studies demonstrated differences between muscles of different innervation in acute pain. In this study we characterized the effect of carrageenan in 2 muscles: masseter (trigeminal innervation) and gastrocnemius (spinal innervation).

Role of cannabinoids in the management of neuropathic pain.

The treatment of pain, particularly neuropathic pain, is one of the therapeutic applications of cannabis and cannabinoids that is currently under investigation and that stimulates interest among clinicians and basic researchers. Animal pain models, including models of acute, antinociceptive, inflammatory and neuropathic pain, have demonstrated the antinociceptive efficacy of cannabinoids without causing serious alterations in animal behaviour. These data, together with the historic and current empiric use of cannabinoids, support the interest in the analysis of their effectiveness in treating neuropathic pain.