HIV-1 pretreatment and acquired antiretroviral drug resistance before tenofovir/ /lamivudine /dolutegravir (TLD) roll-out in Mozambique.

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that HIV treatment scale-up is accompanied by a robust assessment of drug resistance emergence and transmission. The WHO HIV Drug Resistance (HIVDR) monitoring and surveillance strategy includes HIVDR testing in adults both initiating and receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Due to limited information about HIVDR in Mozambique, we conducted two nationally representative surveys of adults initiating and receiving first-line ART regimes to better inform the HIV program.

Molecular Epidemiology and Trends in HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance in Mozambique 1999-2018.

HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) can become a public health concern, especially in low- and middle-income countries where genotypic testing for people initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) is not available. For first-line regimens to remain effective, levels of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) need to be monitored over time. To determine the temporal trends of TDR in Mozambique, a search for studies in PubMed and sequences in GenBank was performed.

Development of Nevirapine Resistance in Children Exposed to the Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV-1 Transmission Programme in Maputo, Mozambique.

Background: Single-dose nevirapine (sd-NVP) has been the main option for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV-1 in low-resource settings. However, sd-NVP can induce the selection of HIV-1 resistant mutations in mothers and infants. In Mozambique, there are limited data regarding the profile of NVP resistance associated mutations (RAM) in the context of PMTCT.