Parenting Interventions to Prevent and Reduce Physical Punishment: A Scoping Review.

Physical punishment is the most common form of violence against children worldwide and is associated with an increased risk of long-term adverse outcomes. Interventions targeting parents/caregivers are frequently implemented to prevent and reduce the use of physical punishment. This scoping review aimed to map the existing literature on evidence-informed parenting interventions targeting physical punishment.

Examining adolescents' experiences of distress when participating in research on well-being and early life adversity.

Rationale: Most child well-being and childhood adversity research is informed by proxy informants such as parents or teachers rather than children and youth. This may be due to concerns about perceived sensitivity, challenges accessing and engaging with children in research, ethical considerations, and apprehensions about causing undue harm and distress. This study aimed to understand adolescents' identification of, and reactions to, questions in the context of participating in a survey of well-being and adversity.

Child Maltreatment Reporting Practices by a Person Most Knowledgeable for Children and Youth: A Rapid Scoping Review.

Child maltreatment is a global public health and child rights crisis made worse by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. While understanding the breadth of the child maltreatment crisis is foundational to informing prevention and response efforts, determining accurate estimates of child maltreatment remains challenging. Alternative informants (parents, caregivers, a Person Most Knowledgeable-PMK) are often tasked with reporting on children's maltreatment experiences in surveys to mitigate concerns associated with reporting child maltreatment.

Adverse childhood experiences and other risk factors associated with adolescent and young adult vaping over time: a longitudinal study.

Background: Vaping among adolescents and young adults is a significant public health concern worldwide. Understanding which risk factors are associated with vaping is important to help inform evidence-based prevention and intervention strategies. There are several gaps in the current literature examining these associations such as limited longitudinal research.

Associations between Lifetime Spanking/Slapping and Adolescent Physical and Mental Health and Behavioral Outcomes.

Background: Many parents use physical forms of punishment, including spanking to correct perceived misbehavior. While some authors suggest spanking/slapping is a distinct and "milder" form of physical punishment, parents' use of spanking is consistently associated with poor outcomes for their children. However, less is known about the relationship between spanking/slapping and health and behavioral outcomes in adolescence independent of other childhood adversities.

What type of survey research questions are identified by adults as upsetting? A focus on child maltreatment.

Background: Research on child maltreatment is imperative to inform evidence-based prevention and intervention efforts. Nonetheless, researchers continue to face barriers due to the perceived sensitivity and possibility of harm when asking about these experiences. While studies have started to explore reactions to participating in research on sensitive topics, there are notable limitations and fewer have focused on child maltreatment.

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), peer victimization, and substance use among adolescents.

Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are common and related to substance use problems in adulthood. Less is known about these relationships in adolescence and if experiencing ACEs in addition to peer victimization (or bullying) would have an interaction or cumulative effect on the odds of adolescent substance use.

Method: Data were used from the Well-Being and Experiences Study (The WE Study), a cross-sectional survey of adolescents aged 14-17 years (n = 1002) in Manitoba, Canada collected between July 2017 and October 2018.

Examining the relationships between parent experiences and youth self-reports of slapping/spanking: a population-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Slapping/spanking is related to a number of poor health outcomes. Understanding what factors are related to the increased or decreased use of spanking/slapping is necessary to inform prevention. This study used a population-based sample to determine the prevalence of slapping/spanking reported by youth; the relationship between sociodemographic factors and slapping/spanking; and the extent to which parental exposures to victimization and maltreatment in childhood and current parental mental health, substance use and family circumstances, are associated with youth reports of slapping/spanking.