Radiotherapy Metastatic Prostate Cancer Cell Lines Treated with Gold Nanorods Modulate miRNA Signatures.

MicroRNA (miRNA) modulation has been identified as a promising strategy for improving the response of human prostate cancer (PCa) to radiotherapy (RT). Studies have shown that mimics or inhibitors of miRNAs could modulate the sensitivity of PCa cells to RT. In addition, pegylated gold nanoparticles have been studied as a therapeutic approach to treat PCa cells and/or vehicles for carrying miRNAs to the inside of cells.

Application of Gold Nanoparticles as Radiosensitizer for Metastatic Prostate Cancer Cell Lines.

More than 50% of all prostate cancer (PCa) patients are treated by radiotherapy (RT). Radioresistance and cancer recurrence are two consequences of the therapy and are related to dose heterogeneity and non-selectivity between normal and tumoral cells. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) could be used as potential radiosensitizers to overcome these therapeutic limitations of RT.

Antimicrobial Resistance and Biofilms Underlying Catheter-Related Bloodstream Coinfection by Complex and .

Biofilm-associated infections are a public health concern especially in the context of healthcare-associated infections such as catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs). We evaluated the biofilm formation and antimicrobials resistance (AMR) of complex and co-isolated from a CRBSI patient. Antimicrobial susceptibility of central venous catheters (CVCs) and hemoculture (HC) isolates was evaluated, including whole genome sequencing (WGS) resistome analysis and evaluation of gene expression to obtain insight into their AMR determinants.

The Influence of miRNAs on Radiotherapy Treatment in Prostate Cancer - A Systematic Review.

In the last years, extensive investigation on miRNomics have shown to have great advantages in cancer personalized medicine regarding diagnosis, treatment and even clinical outcomes. Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common male cancer and about 50% of all PCa patients received radiotherapy (RT), despite some of them develop radioresistance. Here, we aim to provide an overview on the mechanisms of miRNA biogenesis and to discuss the functional impact of miRNAs on PCa under radiation response.

Vitamin A Enhances Macrophages Activity Against B16-F10 Malignant Melanocytes: A New Player for Cancer Immunotherapy?

: The incidence of cutaneous melanoma has been increasing. Melanoma is an aggressive form of skin cancer irresponsive to radiation and chemotherapy, rendering this cancer a disease with poor prognosis: In order to surpass some of the limitations addressed to melanoma treatment, alternatives like vitamins have been investigated. In the present study, we address this relationship and investigate the possible role of vitamin A.

Sphingosine kinase 2 is a negative regulator of inflammatory macrophage activation.

Sphingosine kinases (SPHK) generate the sphingolipid sphingosine-1-phosphate, which, among other functions, is a potent regulator of inflammation. While SPHK1 produces S1P to promote inflammatory signaling, the role of SPHK2 is unclear due to divergent findings in studies utilizing gene depletion versus inhibition of catalytic activity. We sought to clarify how SPHK2 affects inflammatory signaling in human macrophages, which are main regulators of inflammation.

Warburg Effect Inversion: Adiposity shifts central primary metabolism in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

Aims: Obesity is a complex health disorder and a trigger to many diseases like Diabetes mellitus (DM) and breast cancer (BrCa), both leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Also evidence demonstrates that abnormal glucose metabolism termed 'the Warburg effect' in cancer cell is closely associated with malignant phenotypes and promote the aggressiveness of several types of cancer, including BrCa. In this study, we evaluated the breast cancer cell metabolism in normoglycemia, hyperglycemia and in an obesity condition in order to clarify the potential underlined mechanisms that link these disorders.

Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of environmental relevant concentrations of bisphenol A and interactions with doxorubicin.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is one of the most widely utilized endocrine disruptors to which humans are exposed, particularity through ingestion. BPA is an aneugenic compound with a putative association to tumorigenesis. Although extensively studied in estrogen responsive cells, information regarding its effects on cells from the upper gastrointestinal tract exposed to free/active forms of BPA is still scarce.

Adipocyte Secretome Increases Radioresistance of Malignant Melanocytes by Improving Cell Survival and Decreasing Oxidative Status.

Radiotherapy is a treatment option for the majority of malignancies. However, because melanoma is known to be radioresistant, the use of ionizing radiation as an adjuvant therapy in cutaneous melanoma patients is ineffective. Obesity has now been recognized as a risk factor for melanoma.

Aquatic life water quality criteria derived via the UC Davis method: I. Organophosphate insecticides.

A new methodology for deriving freshwater aquatic life water quality criteria,developed by the University of California Davis, was used to derive criteria for three organophosphate insecticides. The UC Davis methodology resulted in similar criteria to other accepted methods, and incorporated new approaches that enable criteria generation in cases where the existing USEPA guidance cannot be used.Acute and chronic water quality criteria were derived for chlorpyrifos (10 and 10 ng/L, respectively), diazinon (200 and 70 ng/L, respectively), and malathion(170 and 28 ng/L, respectively).

Glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GSTM1) and theta 1 (GSTT1) genetic polymorphisms and atopic asthma in children from Southeastern Brazil.

Xenobiotics can trigger degranulation of eosinophils and mast cells. In this process, the cells release several substances leading to bronchial hyperactivity, the main feature of atopic asthma (AA). GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes encode enzymes involved in the inactivation of these compounds.

Modeling and predicting competitive sorption of organic compounds in soil.

Binary systems consisting of 1,2-dichlorobenzene (12DCB) + competitor were investigated over a range of concentrations of competitor in three natural sorbents with distinct characteristics. Two models, the ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) and the potential theory (Polanyi-based multisolute model), widely used in the prediction of multisolute sorption equilibrium from single-solute data, were used to simulate competitive sorption in our systems. The goal was to determine which multisolute model best represented the experimentally obtained multisolute data in natural sorbents of varied properties.

Comparing linear free energy relationships for organic chemicals in soils: effects of soil and solute properties.

Sorption isotherm data were determined for a set of 8 aromatic organic compounds with varying physical chemical properties in three soils with organic matter of differing quantity and composition. The primary goals of this study were to test single and multiparameter linear free energy relationships on their ability to predict the observed sorption behavior on different types of natural sorbents across a range of solutes and concentrations and to relate the accuracy of the predictions to sorbent and solute structural descriptors. Organic carbon normalized sorption coefficients (K(OC)) predicted using both single and multiparameter LFERs were in good agreement with experimental data obtained at the highest tested aqueous concentrations (average deviation less than 0.

Alpha emitting radionuclides in drainage from Quinta do Bispo and Cunha Baixa uranium mines (Portugal) and associated radiotoxicological risk.

Two large uranium mines, Quinta do Bispo and Cunha Baixa, district of Viseu, North of Portugal, were exploited until 1991. Sulfuric acid was used for in situ uranium leaching in Cunha Baixa mine and for heap leaching of low grade ores at both mines. Large amounts of mining and milling residues were accumulated nearby.

Association of MBL2, TGF-beta1 and CD14 gene polymorphisms with lung disease severity in cystic fibrosis.

Objective: To identify associations between genetic polymorphisms (in the MBL2, TGF-beta1 and CD14 genes) and the severity of the lung disease in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), as well as between the presence of DeltaF508 alleles and lung disease severity in such patients.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional cohort study, based on clinical and laboratory data, involving 105 patients with CF treated at a university hospital in the 2005-2006 period. We included 202 healthy blood donors as controls for the determination of TGF-beta1 and CD14 gene polymorphisms.

Association of TGF-beta1, CD14, IL-4, IL-4R and ADAM33 gene polymorphisms with asthma severity in children and adolescents.

Objective: To verify the association of transforming growth factor-beta1(TGF-beta1) (C-509T and T869C), CD14 (C-159T), IL-4 (C-590T), IL-4R (ILe50Val) and ADAM33 (S_2) gene polymorphisms with asthma severity in a sample of patients with mild, moderate and severe persistent atopic asthma.

Methods: A clinical, laboratory, prospective study was performed in patients with persistent atopic asthma, compared to a control group at Hospital Universitário da Universidade Estadual de Campinas between 2006 and 2007. Analysis of the TGF-beta1 T869C gene polymorphism was performed using the technique polymerase chain reaction (PCR) + amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS).

[Association between alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency and cystic fibrosis severity].

Objective: To ascertain the distribution of alpha 1 antitrypsin genotypes and correlate it with the severity of pulmonary disease in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Method: A clinical and laboratory cross sectional study of 70 patients at the Universidade Estadual de Campinas teaching hospital. Cystic fibrosis diagnoses was confirmed by both clinical and laboratory methods.