Biological toxicity risk assessment of two potential neutral carbon diesel fuel substitutes.

We investigated the biological response of soluble organic fraction (SOF) and water-soluble fraction (WSF) extracted from particulate matter (PM) emitted by an automotive diesel engine operating in a representative urban driving condition. The engine was fueled with ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD), and its binary blends by volume with 13% of butanol (Bu13), and with hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) at 13% (HVO13) and 20% (HVO20). Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, oxidative DNA damage and ecotoxicity tests were carried out, and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) expressed as tbenzo(a)pyrene total toxicity equivalent (BaP-TEQ) were also analyzed.

In vitro evaluation of the cytotoxicity, mutagenicity and DNA damage induced by particle matter and gaseous emissions from a medium-duty diesel vehicle under real driving conditions using palm oil biodiesel blends.

The influence of palm oil biodiesel content on the cytotoxicity, mutagenicity and genotoxicity of particle- and gas-phase diesel vehicle emissions was investigated. The emissions were collected on-board of a EURO IV diesel truck, fuelled with mixtures of 10% (B10), 20% (B20) and 100% (B100) of palm oil biodiesel, under real driving conditions. Organic extracts of the particulate matter (PM) and gases were characterised for 17 PAH (including EPA priority) and used for the biological assay.

[Evaluation of the genotoxic effect of malaria in a cohort of patients in Medellín and Quibdó].

Introduction: During malaria infection, both parasite and host are under the effects of oxidative stress due to the increased production of reactive oxygen species, which can induce DNA damage by its genotoxic effects.

Objective: To evaluate genotoxic effects in human lymphocytes in a cohort of patients with malaria from Medellin and Quibdó.

Methods: We performed an observational cross sectional study in 100 individuals with malaria and 100 healthy controls.

[Interaction of mutagens in binary mixtures using the alkaline comet assay in human lymphocytes].

Introduction: Mutagens contained in complex mixtures can present synergistic interactions, either additive or antagonistic. Therefore, development of experimental approaches is necessary to elucidate which is the responsible agent for the effect in the mixtures.

Objective: An experimental design was developed that allowed an understanding of the processes between the compounds of complex mixtures.