Higher order aberrations and visual function in a young Asian population of high myopes.

Purpose: To examine the associations between higher order aberrations (HOAs), visual performance, demographics, and ocular characteristics in a young Asian population with high myopia.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of military pre-enlistees conducted between March 2014 to September 2018. Visual acuity and contrast sensitivity were tested under photopic, mesopic and simulated night conditions.

Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration (nAMD): A Review of Emerging Treatment Options.

Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is a common world-wide cause of visual loss. Intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents are an effective means to treat nAMD and reduce its impact on vision compared to either sham treatment or photodynamic therapy. Currently, the approved anti-VEGF drugs include ranibizumab, aflibercept and brolucizumab.

Cone Contrast Test for Color Vision Deficiency Screening Among a Cohort of Military Aircrew Applicants.

To evaluate the use of the Cone Contrast Test (CCT) as a color vision screening tool in an Asian population of aircrew applicants and compare it against the Ishihara Psuedo Isochromatic Plates (PIP) - Edridge Lantern Test (ELT) screening pathway, assessing its impact on attrition with CCT cut-off scores of 55 and 75. This is a retrospective review of 862 Republic of Singapore Airforce aircrew applicants tested with CCT and Ishihara PIP-ELT combination as screening. CCT repeatability was analyzed by comparing the subject's interocular (right vs.

Independent Factors of Choroidal Thickness.

We read with interest the article by Agarwal et al. reporting that mean choroidal thickness was significantly higher in HIV patients, especially those with HIV microangiopathy, compared to healthy controls matched for age, ethnicity, and gender. We would like to highlight two important factors which may affect choroidal thickness assessment, namely diurnal variation and myopia, which should be taken into consideration.

Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Evaluation of the Parafoveal Vasculature and Its Relationship With Ocular Factors.

Purpose: To determine the size and characteristics of the superficial and deep foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in healthy adults by using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A), and to ascertain the effects of demographic and ocular parameters on the FAZ size.

Methods: In a prospective cohort study of 117 healthy volunteers, foveal-centered 3 × 3-mm OCT-A scans were manually graded by certified graders to determine the size of the superficial and deep FAZ. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to evaluate the impact of demographics and ocular factors, including central retinal thickness (CRT), choroidal thickness, axial length (AL), and spherical equivalent (SE) on superficial and deep FAZ areas.