Effects of Pull-Up Training on 50-Meter Freestyle Swimming Performance: A Preliminary Analysis.

This study examined the impact of incorporating pull-up exercises into the training routines of competitive swimmers on their performance outcomes. Eight swimmers (average age 21 ± 6.7 years, height 178 ± 5.

Influence of Conventional Resistance Training Compared to Core Exercises on Road Cycling Power Output.

Conventional strength training and core exercises are commonly prescribed to improve cycling performance. Although previous studies have explored the utility of strength training in various cycling populations, this intervention has never been compared to core exercises. Thirty-six trained road cyclists were divided into three groups of 12 participants that performed either no strength training, conventional strength training, or core exercises, in all cases together with their regular cycling training during a 12-week period.

An Update Of The Allen & Coggan Equation To Predict 60-Min Power Output In Cyclists Of Different Performance Levels.

The Allen & Coggan protocol suggests that 95% of the power output during a 20-min time trial is a valid surrogate for 60-min maximal power. The validity of this concept has not been studied previously in cyclists with different performance levels. As a result, we classified 120 cyclists in our study as recreationally trained, trained, well trained or professional, based on their maximal oxygen consumption.

Effects of Plyometric Training Direction on Physical Performance in Basketball Players.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of plyometric training direction on jumping, sprinting, and change-of-direction ability in basketball players.

Methods: Forty male basketball players (21.8 [3.

Osgood-Schlatter Disease: Appearance, Diagnosis and Treatment: A Narrative Review.

Osgood-Schlatter disease is the most common osteochondritis of the lower limb in sport-practicing children and adolescents. Its manifestation usually coincides with the appearance of the secondary ossification center of the tibia and is linked to the practice of sports with an explosive component. In the present study, a review of the factors related to its appearance, diagnosis and treatment was carried out.

Acute Kidney Injury and Hyponatremia in Ultra-Trail Racing: A Systematic Review.

Background and objectives: Ultra-trail races can cause episodes of acute kidney injury (AKI) and exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH) in healthy subjects without previous renal pathology. This systematic review aims to review the incidence of these two syndromes together and separately taking into account the length and elevation of the ultra-trail race examined. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted through electronic search in four electronic databases (PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science and Alcorze).

The Effectiveness of Shoulder Mobility and Strength Programs in Competitive Water-Polo Players.

Background: Water-polo is the water sport with the highest incidence of injuries, with shoulder pain being the most common one. The understanding of risk factors and guidance on preventive measures is essential in this sport discipline. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a specific 6-week training plan on range of motion (ROM) and joint strength levels in a group of professional water-polo players.

Effects of ergo-nutritional strategies on recovery in combat sports disciplines.

In order to improve the recovery process in combat sports disciplines, ergo-nutritional strategies could be an effective option in training and competition. Some of these ergo-nutritional aids could improve performance but literature references are scarce, with controversial results regarding actual recovery effects. This systematic review aimed to examine which ergo-nutritional methods are most effective for assisting in the recovery process in combat sports, and to determine the appropriate training stimuli.

768-km Multi-Stage Ultra-Trail Case Study-Muscle Damage, Biochemical Alterations and Strength Loss on Lower Limbs.

A series of case studies aimed to evaluate muscular fatigue in running a 768-km ultra-trail race in 11 days. Four non-professional athletes (four males) were enrolled. Muscle damage blood biomarkers (creatine kinase (CK), lactodeshydrogenase (LDH), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lower limb strength were evaluated by using Bosco jumps test; squat jump (SJ), countermovement jump (CMJ) and Abalakov jump (ABA) were assessed before (pre), after the race (post) and for two and nine days during the recovery period (rec2 and rec9), respectively.

The Recovery Umbrella in the World of Elite Sport: Do Not Forget the Coaching and Performance Staff.

In the field of sports science, the recovery umbrella is a trending topic, and even more so in the world of elite sports. This is evidenced by the significant increase in scientific publications during the last 10 years as teams look to find a competitive edge. Recovery is recognized to be an integral component to assist athlete preparation in the restoration of physical and psychological function, and subsequently, performance in elite team sports athletes.

Five-Minute Power-Based Test to Predict Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Road Cycling.

Purpose: To examine the ability of a multivariate model to predict maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) using performance data from a 5-minute maximal test (5MT).

Methods: Forty-six road cyclists (age 38 [9] y, height 177 [9] cm, weight 71.4 [8.

Characteristics of Pedaling Muscle Stiffness among Cyclists of Different Performance Levels.

The aim of the present study was to compare the impact of an incremental exercise test on muscle stiffness in the rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (BF), and gastrocnemius (GL) among road cyclists of three performance levels. The study group consisted of 35 cyclists grouped according to their performance level; elite ( = 10; professional license), sub-elite ( = 12; amateur license), and recreational ( = 13; cyclosportive license). Passive muscle stiffness was assessed using myometry before and after an incremental exercise test.

Functional Threshold Power as an Alternative to Lactate Thresholds in Road Cycling.

Sitko, S, Cirer-Sastre, R, Corbi, F, and López-Laval, I. Functional threshold power as an alternative to lactate thresholds in road cycling. J Strength Cond Res 36(11): 3179-3183, 2022-This study assessed the relationship between functional threshold power (FTP) and 7 lactate landmarks (Dmax, modified Dmax, fixed blood lactate concentrations of 2 and 4 mmol·L -1 , lactate increases of 1 and 2 mmol·L -1 above baseline, and lactate increases of 1.

Relationship between functional threshold power, ventilatory threshold and respiratory compensation point in road cycling.

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between power output and relative power output at the functional threshold power, ventilatory threshold and respiratory compensation point in road cyclists.

Methods: Forty-six road cyclists (age 38±9 years; height 177±9 cm; body mass 71.4±8.

Exercise-Induced Release of Cardiac Troponins in Adolescent vs. Adult Swimmers.

To examine the exercise-induced release of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) in adolescent and adult swimmers. Thirty-two trained male (18 adolescents, 14 adults) swam at maximal pace in a 45 min distance trial, and blood samples were drawn before, immediately and 3 h after exercise for subsequent cTnT analysis and comparison. Having comparable training experience and baseline values of cTnT ( = 0.

Evidence-based post exercise recovery in combat sports: a narrative review.

Introduction: Some methods such as ergo nutritional aids, cooling or massage among others could improve recovery in combat sports (CS). The effects, doses, duration, and timing of these methods remains unknown. Nowadays, there is no clear consensus regarding the recovery strategies and it is necessary to understand the type of fatigue induced in CS and its underlying mechanisms.

Effects of a low-carbohydrate diet on body composition and performance in road cycling: a randomized, controlled trial.

Low-carbohydrate diets are frequently used to improve performance in endurance sports, often with contradictory results. This study aimed to assess whether a low-carbohydrate diet can outperform an isocaloric conventional diet for improving body composition and performance in a sample of twenty-six trained male road cyclists (previous experience in cyclosportive events, 7.6 ± 4.

Influence of maturational status in the exercise-induced release of cardiac troponin T in healthy young swimmers.

Objectives: To determine the influence of maturational status on the release of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) induced by a bout of 30min, high-intensity, continuous exercise.

Design: Quasi-experimental, cross-sectional study.

Methods: Seventy male, young, well trained swimmers (age range 7-18 years, training experience 1-11 years) were classified by maturational stages: Tanner stage I (n=14), II (n=15), III (n=15), IV (n=13), and V (n=13).

Effects of a 75-km mountain ultra-marathon on heart rate variability in amateur runners.

Background: This study examined the effects of a mountain ultra-marathon (MUM) on the activity of the autonomous nervous system through heart rate variability (HRV) monitoring and determined whether this variable related to final performance.

Methods: Heart rate and HRV were measured in eight male amateur runners (aged 37-60 years). Measurements were recorded before and after the event, in resting conditions, as well as continuously throughout the whole MUM.

Exercise Addiction and Its Relationship with Health Outcomes in Indoor Cycling Practitioners in Fitness Centers.

We studied the prevalence and possible association between exercise addiction and health in indoor cycling practitioners. In 1014 (492 women) adult indoor cyclists and 926 (597 women) controls with low levels of physical activity according to the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, we examined the risk of exercise addiction according to the Exercise Addiction Inventory and several health outcomes through a web-based experiment. The prevalence of a high risk of exercise addiction in cyclists was 13.

Amateur endurance cycling practice and adult's physical and psychosocial health: a cross-sectional study of the influence of training volume.

This study aimed to analyse the association between amateur cycling training volume and physical and psychosocial health. A cross-sectional study was developed, via self-reported survey, among 1669 cyclists and 1039 controls, where analysis of variance and hierarchical multiple linear regression test were developed. Independent of gender, high volumes of amateur endurance cycling practice benefited cyclists' body mass index and male cyclists' physical conditioning, while psychosocial health did not differ among the training volume groups.

Cardiac Troponin T Release after Football 7 in Healthy Children and Adults.

The objective of this study was to compare the release of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) after a football 7 match between two cohorts of children and adult players. Thirty-six male football players (children = 24, adult = 12) played a football 7 match, and cTnT was measured before, and 3 h after exercise. Concentrations of cTnT were compared between groups and time, and correlated with participants' characteristics, as well as internal and external exercise load.

Effect of Training Load on Post-Exercise Cardiac Troponin T Elevations in Young Soccer Players.

Training load (TL) metrics are usually assessed to estimate the individual, physiological and psychological, acute, and adaptive responses to training. Cardiac troponins (cTn) reflect myocardial damage and are routinely analyzed for the clinical diagnosis of myocardial injury. The association between TL and post-exercise cTn elevations is scarcely investigated in young athletes, especially after playing common team sports such as soccer.

Effects of a low-carbohydrate diet on performance and body composition in trained cyclists.

Previous evidence suggests that low-carbohydrate diets may improve body composition and performance relative to body weight in endurance athletes. This has been the first study that has attempted to evaluate the utility of low-carbohydrate diets in a sample of eleven trained and experienced road cyclists who consumed 10% of their caloric intake in the form of carbohydrates during four weeks while maintaining a neutral energy balance (50 kcal/kg/day). Body composition was evaluated through an electrical impedance assessment before and after the intervention while maximal power output (5 and 20 min) was measured on a bike trainer by following a standardized protocol and in the same room conditions for all the participants.