Ultrasonographic evaluation of subclinical enthesitis in patients with psoriasis.

Aim: The primary objective of this study was to assess the ultrasonographic signs of subclinical enthesitis in patients with psoriasis. Secondary objective was to examine the associations between the clinical assessments of enthesitis, severity of psoriasis, and the ultrasonographic signs of enthesitis.

Method: This study included 30 patients with psoriasis who did not have clinically detectable arthritis or enthesitis and 30 healthy volunteers as a control group.

Nucleophilic and electrophilic cyclization of -alkyne-substituted pyrrole derivatives: Synthesis of pyrrolopyrazinone, pyrrolotriazinone, and pyrrolooxazinone moieties.

Intramolecular nucleophilic and electrophilic cyclization of alkyne-substituted pyrrole esters is described. Efficient routes towards the synthesis of pyrrolopyrazinone, pyrrolotriazinone and pyrrolooxazinone have been developed. First, -alkyne-substituted pyrrole ester derivatives were synthesized.