Effect of chloride ions on persulfate/UV-C advanced oxidation of an alcohol ethoxylate (Brij 30).

In the present study, the effect of chloride ions on the oxidative degradation of an alcohol ethoxylate (Brij 30) by persulfate (PS)/UV-C was experimentally explored using Brij 30 aqueous solution (BAS) and a domestic wastewater treatment plant effluent spiked with Brij 30. Brij 30 degradation occurred rapidly during the early stages of oxidation without affecting the water/wastewater matrix. Mineralization of intermediates of Brij 30 degradation markedly influenced by presence of chloride ions.

Domestic greywater treatment using electrocoagulation-electrooxidation process: optimisation and experimental approaches.

A synergistic combination of electrocoagulation-electrooxidation (EC-EO) process was used in the current study to treat domestic greywater. The EC process consisted of an aluminium (Al) anode and an iron (Fe) cathode, and the EO process consisted of titanium with platinum coating mesh (Ti/Pt) as an anode and stainless steel as a cathode. The effect of operative variables, namely current density, pH, EC time and EO time, on the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), colour, turbidity, and total organic carbon (TOC) was studied and optimised using Response Surface Methodology (RSM).

Hexavalent Chromium Removal from Water and Wastewaters by Electrochemical Processes: Review.

Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a toxic, mutagenic, teratogenic, and carcinogenic species. Its origin is in industrial activities. Therefore, its effective control is realized on a source basis.

Reclamation of forward osmosis reject water containing hexavalent chromium via coupled electrochemical-physical processes.

Forward osmosis is a water separation process that uses the natural energy of osmotic pressure to separate water from dissolved solutes through a semipermeable membrane. One of the major challenges using this process is the rejection water which contains high content of pollutants, hindering its practical application. Herein, for the first time, this work introduces a coupled electrochemical-physical process including iron-electrocoagulation/filtration/sedimentation as a cost-effective treatment to the forward osmosis reject water containing hexavalent chromium to be reclaimed.

A critical review on the existing wastewater treatment methods in the COVID-19 era: What is the potential of advanced oxidation processes in combatting viral especially SARS-CoV-2?

The COVID-19 epidemic has put the risk of virus contamination in water bodies on the horizon of health authorities. Hence, finding effective ways to remove the virus, especially SARS-CoV-2, from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) has emerged as a hot issue in the last few years. Herein, this study first deals with the fate of SARS-CoV-2 genetic material in WWTPs, then critically reviews and compares different wastewater treatment methods for combatting COVID-19 as well as to increase the water quality.

Concentration techniques tailored for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 genetic material in domestic wastewater and treatment plant sludge: A review.

Upon the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, detection and quantification of SARS-CoV-2 genetic material in domestic wastewater have led to an increase in the efforts to define and implement the wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE). This application provides valuable information to define local contamination monitoring, emergence of COVID-19 and its variants and many other aspects to cope with and control the pandemic. WBE surveillance, however, requires several consecutive steps such as sampling, pretreatment and concentration of samples, and detection and quantification of SARS-CoV-2 genetic material in wastewater.

Wastewater Based Epidemiology Perspective as a Faster Protocol for Detecting Coronavirus RNA in Human Populations: A Review with Specific Reference to SARS-CoV-2 Virus.

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has a long history of identifying a variety of viruses from poliovirus to coronaviruses, including novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The presence and detection of SARS-CoV-2 in human feces and its passage into the water bodies are significant public health challenges. Hence, the hot issue of WBE of SARS-CoV-2 in the coronavirus respiratory disease (COVID-19) pandemic is a matter of utmost importance (e.

Scallop shell coated FeO nanocomposite as an eco-friendly adsorbent for tetracycline removal.

The present study focused on the usability of scallop shell coated FeO nanoparticles as an eco-friendly new absorbent in the treatment of tetracycline (TC). The process performance in terms of TC removal was investigated at different operating conditions, i.e.

A comparative study of HO•- and SO4•--based AOPs for the degradation of non-ionic surfactant Brij30.

In the present study aqueous solutions of Brij30, an alcohol ethoxylate surfactant, were photocatalytically and photochemically treated by employing the TiO2/UV-A, H2O2/UV-C and persulfate (PS)/UV-C processes. During TiO2/UV-A treatment, even in short reaction periods (10 minutes), high rates of Brij30 removals were achieved; however, longer experiment periods (240-480 minutes) were needed in order to obtain notable total organic carbon (TOC) removals. Increasing the TiO2 dosage exhibited a positive effect on treatment efficiencies.

Sulphate control by ettringite precipitation in textile industry wastewaters.

In the present study, ettringite precipitation was theoretically and experimentally evaluated as a means of sulphate removal. The results showed that ettringite precipitation is an effective and reliable method for sulphate removal. Synthetically prepared samples which were simulated to total wastewaters originating from the textile industry (sulphate concentration of 0.

Abatements of reduced sulphur compounds, colour, and organic matter from indigo dyeing effluents by electrocoagulation.

In the present study, the treatability of indigo dyeing effluents by the electrocoagulation (EC) process using stainless steel electrodes was experimentally investigated. The samples used were concentrated with main pollutant parameters of chemical oxygen demand (COD) (1000-1100 mg/L), reduced sulphur species (over 2000 mg SO2-(3)/L), and colour (0.12-0.

Adsorption of textile reactive dyestuffs by treatment sludges of inorganic nature.

Colour removal from industrial effluents, particularly from the textile industry, has become an important requirement as the adverse effects ofdyestuffs, such as toxicity, on the environment have been proven. Adsorption is a commonly used treatment method for colour removal. Although activated carbon is very effective for this purpose, a number of natural materials and waste materials, such as waste sludges generated from treatment systems, have been tested to reduce the cost of the process.

Application of the UV-C photo-assisted peroxymonosulfate oxidation for the mineralization of dimethyl phthalate in aqueous solutions.

In this study, the degradation of dimethyl phthalate (DMP), taken as model compound for phthalate esters, by the photo-assisted peroxymonosulfate (PMS) process was investigated. The high oxidation potential of hydroxyl and sulfate radicals generated by the activation of PMS under UV-C light irradiation was used to completely oxidize aqueous DMP solutions. Experiments were conducted at varying initial pH values (3.

Treatment of phthalic acid esters by electrocoagulation with stainless steel electrodes using dimethyl phthalate as a model compound.

In this study, treatment of phthalates by electrocoagulation employing stainless steel electrodes was investigated using dimethyl phthalate (DMP) as a model compound. DMP was completely destructed within 30 min up to the high initial concentration of 100mg/L while total mineralization was also obtained within a couple of hours. The applied current density of 22.

H2O2/UV-C oxidation of potential endocrine disrupting compounds: a case study with dimethyl phthalate.

This paper discusses the feasibility of the ultraviolet radiation-hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)/UV-C) process as an advanced oxidation process (AOP) in the treatment of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDC). Dimethyl phthalate (DMP) was chosen as the model compound owing to its classification as an EDC. Experiments have been conducted at various pH values (3.

Complexing agent and heavy metal removals from metal plating effluent by electrocoagulation with stainless steel electrodes.

In the present study, the treatability of a metal plating wastewater containing complexed metals originating from the nickel and zinc plating process by electrocoagulation using stainless steel electrodes was experimentally investigated. The study focused on the effect of important operation parameters on electrocoagulation process performance in terms of organic complex former, nickel and zinc removals as well as sludge production and specific energy consumption. The results indicated that increasing the applied current density from 2.

Electrocoagulation of simulated reactive dyebath effluent with aluminum and stainless steel electrodes.

Reactive dyebath effluents are ideal candidates for electrocoagulation due to their intensive color, medium strength, recalcitrant COD and high electrolyte (NaCl) content. The present study focused on the treatability of simulated reactive dyebath effluent (COD(o)=300 mg/L; color in terms of absorbance values A(o,436)=0.532 cm(-1), A(o,525)=0.

Electrocoagulation of a real reactive dyebath effluent using aluminum and stainless steel electrodes.

Treatment of real reactive dyebath effluent comprising of an exhausted reactive dyebath and its sequential rinses with electrocoagulation (EC) using aluminum (Al) and stainless steel (SS) electrodes was investigated. The experimental study focused on the effect of applied current density (22-87 mA/cm(2); at an initial, optimum pH of 5.5) on decolorization and COD removal rates using Al and SS as electrode materials.

Effluent management for a metal finishing industry aiming zero discharge conditions.

Technical applicability of zero discharge conditions is evaluated for the specific case of a large metal finishing industry located within the protection zone of a surface water body designated as a potential source for domestic water supply. Within the context of a sound water management strategy, a detailed process profile of the plant is established with relevant balance between water demand and wastewater generation. Quality restrictions for various water uses are identified.

Performance of magnesium ammonium phosphate precipitation and its effect on biological treatability of leather tanning industry wastewaters.

Leather tanning industry is one of the several industries discharging significant amount of nitrogen. Magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) precipitation is a promising pretreatment for leather tanning industry wastewaters for the control of toxic parameters; excess suspended solids as well as nitrogen which increase the cost and complexity of following biological treatment. Application of MAP precipitation, however, modifies the characteristics and biological treatability of wastewaters.

Wastewater reuse for the minimization of fresh water demand in coastal areas--selected cases from the textile finishing industry.

Availability of water to the industry often becomes prohibitive, both in terms of quality and cost, in coastal areas. This study takes the textile industry and evaluates the prerequisites of water recovery and reuse. In this context, a large spectrum are studied for their water, the general quality of wastewater generated, quality and treatability of reuse wastewater streams, and expected changes in the overall effluent quality after segregation of the recovery wastewater portion.

Pollution of coastal region impacted by acid mine drainage in Morphou bay, northern Cyprus.

Abandoned copper mines, located in Lefka-Xeros area by the Morphou bay were primarily producing copper. Secondary products, such as silver and gold were also produced for a century by cyanide leaching method. The residues of mining processes were deposited in large tailing ponds that were constructed with primitive technology.