Antibacterial and antivirulence factor activities of protein hydrolysates from Phatthalung Sangyod rice ( L.) seeds against zoonotic and foodborne pathogens.

Background And Aim: Antimicrobial resistance is an emerging public health threat. Foodborne illnesses are typically caused by bacteria, such as , , , and , which are frequently resistant to common antimicrobial agents. Rice is a staple grain in most parts of the world.

Antifungal activity of protein hydrolysates from Thai Phatthalung Sangyod rice L.) seeds.

Background And Aim: Fungal zoonoses are an economic and public health concern because they can cause various degrees of morbidity and mortality in animals and humans. To combat this issue, alternative natural antifungals, such as products derived from rice protein hydrolysates or rice antifungal protein/peptide are being considered because they are highly bioactive and exhibit various functional properties. Thailand is a leading rice producer and exporter.

A unique aspartyl protease gene expansion in Talaromyces marneffei plays a role in growth inside host phagocytes.

Aspartyl proteases are a widely represented class of proteolytic enzymes found in eukaryotes and retroviruses. They have been associated with pathogenicity in a range of disease-causing microorganisms. The dimorphic human-pathogenic fungus Talaromyces marneffei has a large expansion of these proteases identified through genomic analyses.