Comparative evaluation of the effects of unilateral lesion versus electrical stimulation of the globus pallidus internus in advanced Parkinson's disease.

Objective: To perform a prospective analysis on the effects of unilateral lesion versus unilateral electrical stimulation (ES) of the globus pallidus internus (Gpi) in the treatment of bilateral Parkinson's disease (PD).

Materials And Methods: We studied 18 patients with stages III-V on the Hoehn and Yahr (H-Y) scale having prominent rigidity, bradykinesia and gait disturbances. Nine patients were treated with lesions and 9 patients with ES.

Double-blind, randomized controlled pilot study of bilateral cerebellar stimulation for treatment of intractable motor seizures.

Purpose: The efficacy and safety of cerebellar stimulation (CS) was reevaluated in a double-blind, randomized controlled pilot study on five patients with medically refractory motor seizures, and especially generalized tonic-clonic seizures.

Methods: Bilateral modified four-contact plate electrodes were placed on the cerebellar superomedial surface through two suboccipital burr holes. The implanted programmable, battery-operated stimulator was adjusted to 2.

Motor cortex stimulation in the treatment of deafferentation pain. I. Localization of the motor cortex.

MRI and electrophysiological techniques to localize the primary motor cortex (MC) were performed on patients considered for MC stimulation for the treatment of deafferentation pain. The representation and trajectory of the rolandic fissure (RF) were accurately localized by external cranial landmarks and radiopaque fiducials superimposed on oblique MRI sections. In addition, the scalp distribution of the corticocortical responses elicited by acute epidural stimulation [motor cortex (MC) in frontal and sensory cortex (SC) in parietal scalp regions], and analgesic responses at the topographical representation of the painful periphery elicited by subacute epidural stimulation were found to be simple and reliable procedures to localize MC, SC and RF.

Temporo-spatial correlations between scalp and centromedian thalamic EEG activities of stage II slow wave sleep in patients with generalized seizures of the cryptogenic Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.

Objectives: Temporo-spatial correlations between scalp and centromedian thalamic (CM) normal and abnormal electroencephalographic (EEG) activities of stage II slow wave sleep (SWS II) were investigated in 5 patients with cryptogenic Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (CLGS).

Methods: In each patient, 8h/all-night sleep studies were performed with routine methods; and a total of 1233 normal and 206 abnormal individual activities, spontaneously occurring during 200 epochs of early and late SWS II, were analyzed. Normal activities included scalp-CM K-complexes (KC-CMKC), vertex waves (VW-CMVW), and sleep spindles (SS-CMSS).