The impact of breastfeeding on pelvic floor recovery from pregnancy and labor.

Objective: Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) symptoms are prevalent during pregnancy and are mostly reversible thereafter. The pelvic floor muscles and their surrounding connective tissue support are estrogen-responsive. Breastfeeding is a condition of estrogen deficiency.

[RISK FACTORS, COMPLICATIONS AND OUTCOMES OF PREGNANCIES WITH VELAMENTOUS CORD INSERTION].

Introduction: A velamentous cord insertion (VCI) describes a peripheral umbilical cord insertion to the placenta with blood vessels from the cord traversing fetal membranes before reaching the placental margin. These vessels remain unprotected and exposed to pressure and injury during pregnancy and labor.

Objectives: To determine the risk factors for VCI, and assess the risk for complications and adverse outcomes of pregnancies with VCI.

Fetal heart rate patterns of pregnancies with vasa previa and velamentous cord insertion.

Objective: To investigate the fetal heart rate (FHR) patterns in pregnancies complicated with vasa previa and velamentous cord insertion (VCI).

Methods: A retrospective study comparing FHR patterns in pregnancies and subsequent pregnancies with/without VCI and in pregnancies with/without vasa previa was conducted. For each patient, FHR patterns were compared to the subsequent pregnancy.

Fetal heart rate tracing patterns associated with congenital hypothyroidism.

Objective: This study was undertaken to determine fetal heart rate (FHR) tracing patterns associated with congenital hypothyroidism.

Study Design: FHR patterns of 59 women whose babies were diagnosed with congenital hypothyroidism were retrospectively compared with tracings of 78 of their siblings. Tracings were interpreted during the first stage of labor.