The Association Between Empirical Antibiotic Treatment and Mortality in Severe Infections Caused by Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative Bacteria: A Prospective Study.

Background: Empirical colistin should be avoided. We aimed to evaluate the association between covering empirical antibiotics (EAT) and mortality for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant gram-negative bacteria (CRGNB).

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial, including adults with bloodstream infections, pneumonia, or urosepsis caused by CRGNB.

Determinants of inappropriate empirical antibiotic treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review assessed study-level determinants of non-covering (inappropriate) empirical antibiotic treatment (IEAT), focusing on the influence of study years and the prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in the study. Prospective and retrospective observational studies reporting on the association between IEAT and mortality in adult patients with microbiologically documented infections published between 2008-2016 were included. A meta-analysis of IEAT rates was conducted using a random-effects model.

Prevalence and risk factors for carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae among patients prior to bowel surgery.

Prophylactic antibiotics are an important measure in preventing perioperative infection, Failure to cover multidrug-resistant pathogens may place carriers at increased risk of infection. We conducted a prospective, cross-sectional study in patients prior to bowel surgery to measure the carriage prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and identify risk factors for carriage in this population. During an 11-month period, 150 patients were eligible for inclusion.

Evaluation of PCR-based testing for surveillance of KPC-producing carbapenem-resistant members of the Enterobacteriaceae family.

The spread of carbapenem-resistant members of the Enterobacteriaceae family (CRE) harboring carbapenemases is an emerging public health threat. As KPC-producing Klebsiella species are endemic in our tertiary care hospital, we aimed to evaluate a PCR-based surveillance test for identification of rectal carriage of KPC-producing CRE. We conducted a surveillance study between May and December 2007.