Publications by authors named "Iris Lin"

Objective:  This study aims to identify hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN) pregnancies using electronic health records (EHRs) from a large integrated health care system.

Study Design:  A retrospective cohort study was performed among pregnant patients receiving obstetrical care at Kaiser Permanente Southern California health care system between January 1, 2008, and June 30, 2022. Using structured (diagnostic/procedural codes, medication, and laboratory records) and unstructured (clinical notes analyzed via natural language processing) data abstracted from EHRs, we extracted HDFN-specific "indicators" (maternal positive antibody test and abnormal antibody titer, maternal/infant HDFN diagnosis and blood transfusion, hydrops fetalis, infant intravenous immunoglobulin [IVIG] treatment, jaundice/phototherapy, and first administrated Rho[D] Immune Globulin) to identify potential HDFN pregnancies.

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Introduction: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic, autoimmune form of arthritis that is associated with a substantial humanistic and economic burden. Potential differences in patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and economic outcomes among groups of varying PsA severity and different races/ethnicities have not been well studied.

Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed sociodemographic data, PROs, and economic outcomes for participants with PsA from the National Health and Wellness Survey (2018-2020).

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Article Synopsis
  • Treatment persistence in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is crucial for achieving effective outcomes, and guselkumab, an interleukin-23 inhibitor, has shown high persistence rates in clinical trials.
  • A study analyzed real-world data to compare the treatment persistence between patients using guselkumab and those receiving their first subcutaneous tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) from July 2020 to March 2022.
  • Results indicated that on-label persistence rates were assessed using statistical models to evaluate the effectiveness of both treatments, highlighting the need for further real-world evidence in comparing these therapies.
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Objective: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is an immune-mediated condition featuring chronic inflammation. The World Health Organization classifies OLP as potentially malignant, but it is believed that the malignant transformation of OLP occurs in lesions with both lichenoid and dysplastic features (LD). This review discusses the issues surrounding OLP and LD, including their malignancy, classification, and categorization, and whether lichenoid inflammation causes dysplastic changes in LD or vice versa.

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This retrospective cohort study described real-world treatment patterns and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) of patients with warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia (wAIHA) initiating treatment with first-line (1L) oral corticosteroids (OCS) + rituximab (R) compared to 1L OCS. Patients with a wAIHA diagnosis code (D59.11) between 8/2020-3/2022 were identified using US pharmacy and medical claims databases.

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Reward-predictive cues acquire motivating and reinforcing properties that contribute to the escalation and relapse of drug use in addiction. The ventral pallidum (VP) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) are two key nodes in brain reward circuitry implicated in addiction and cue-driven behavior. In the current study, we use in vivo fiber photometry and optogenetics to record from and manipulate VP→VTA in rats performing a discriminative stimulus task to determine the role these neurons play in invigoration and reinforcement by reward cues.

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Background: Amantadine is a widely prescribed medication in Parkinson's disease (PD). A distinctive craniofacial distribution of myoclonus with speech impairment is an underrecognized iatrogenic complication in amantadine-treated patients with PD.

Cases: We report 7 patients with idiopathic PD (disease duration, 6-21 years) who developed speech-induced craniofacial-predominant myoclonus with "stuttering-like" dysarthria and speech arrests days to months after amantadine initiation or dose increase.

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Introduction: The aim of this work is to evaluate treatment persistence and clinical outcomes after 6 months of on-label guselkumab use in patients with rheumatologist-diagnosed active psoriatic arthritis (PsA) enrolled in the CorEvitas PsA/Spondyloarthritis Registry.

Methods: Participants with PsA who initiated and persisted with on-label guselkumab use post-Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for active PsA (7/13/2020; subcutaneous 100 mg at weeks 0, 4, and every 8 weeks) at their 6-month follow-up visit (occurring through 3/31/2023) comprised the primary analysis population (On-Label Persisters). Hierarchical, multiplicity-controlled primary and secondary outcomes were mean (95% confidence interval) changes from baseline at 6 months in clinical Disease Activity Index for PsA (cDAPSA; primary), Physician Global Assessment (PGA) of arthritis and psoriasis (visual analog scale [VAS] 0-100), patient-reported pain (VAS 0-100), and percent body surface area with psoriasis (%BSA).

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Introduction: In patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA), potential differences in care by race/ethnicity have not been well studied.

Methods: This retrospective, observational cohort analysis utilized the IBM MarketScan Multi-State Medicaid database. Patients aged ≥ 18 years with two or more PsA-related claims between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2019, and ≥ 12 months of continuous enrollment before the first diagnosis of PsA (index date) were included.

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Reward-seeking behavior is often initiated by environmental cues that signal reward availability. This is a necessary behavioral response; however, cue reactivity and reward-seeking behavior can become maladaptive. To better understand how cue-elicited reward seeking becomes maladaptive, it is important to understand the neural circuits involved in assigning appetitive value to rewarding cues and actions.

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Background: The effect of surgery on impulse control disorders (ICDs) remains unclear in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS).

Objective: To examine changes in ICD symptoms in PD patients undergoing DBS compared to a medication-only control group.

Methods: The study was a 2-center, 12-month, prospective, observational investigation of PD patients undergoing DBS and a control group matched on age, sex, dopamine agonist use, and baseline presence of ICDs.

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Background: The monoclonal antibody guselkumab is the first selective inhibitor of the interleukin-23 p19 subunit approved to treat adults with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis and active psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Given its recent approval for active PsA, data describing patients with PsA initiating guselkumab outside of clinical trials are limited.

Objective: This analysis describes characteristics of patients with rheumatologist-diagnosed PsA initiating guselkumab in the US-based, prospective, observational CorEvitas Psoriatic Arthritis/Spondyloarthritis Registry.

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Background: Current EMS stroke screening tools facilitate early detection and triage, but the tools' accuracy and reliability are limited and highly variable. An automated stroke screening tool could improve stroke outcomes by facilitating more accurate prehospital diagnosis and delivery. We hypothesize that a machine learning algorithm using video analysis can detect common signs of stroke.

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Objective: To evaluate the association of the built environment and neighborhood resources with exercise, diet, and body mass index (BMI).

Method: Person-level data were collected from 533 veterans with uncontrolled hypertension. Neighborhood measures were: (a) census-tract level walkability; and (b) healthy food proximity (HFP).

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Infliximab and golimumab are intravenously (IV) administered tumor necrosis factor inhibitors approved to treat moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with concomitant methotrexate. Owing to differences in biologic construct, patients with IV-infliximab treatment failure may benefit from switching to IV-golimumab. Utilizing the ACR's Rheumatology Informatics System for Effectiveness (RISE), a large electronic health records registry based in the USA, we assessed RA disease activity in patients switching from IV-infliximab to IV-golimumab.

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Objective: Axial disease is common and burdensome in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Human leukocyte antigen-B27 (HLA-B27) is a risk factor for axial PsA; treatment response by HLA-B27 status is inadequately characterized. This study evaluated responses to biologic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) or targeted synthetic DMARDs (tsDMARDs) overall and by HLA-B27 status in patients with PsA axial disease.

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Objective: To compare treatment patterns of United States (US) veterans stable on innovator infliximab (IFX) who switched to an IFX biosimilar (switchers) or remained on innovator IFX (continuers).

Methods: US Veterans Healthcare Administration data (01/2012-12/2019) were used to identify adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), plaque psoriasis (PsO), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), or Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (i.e.

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Introduction: This study compared treatment persistence and adherence among psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients in the US who initiated an interleukin-12/23 inhibitor (IL-12/23i) versus those who initiated tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFis), targeted synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (tsDMARDs), or interleukin-17 inhibitors (IL-17is).

Methods: Adults diagnosed with PsA with ≥ 1 claim for a targeted immune modulator were selected from the IBM MarketScan Commercial and Medicare Supplemental databases (October 1, 2013-October 31, 2018). The date of the first claim was the index date.

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Background: Two subtypes of lichenoid mucositis (LM) with oral epithelial dysplasia have been proposed, with differing risks of malignant transformation. However, no research has been done to authenticate this hypothesis. The study objective was to determine whether there are 2 subcategories within this entity, one with primary lichenoid and secondary dysplastic features (LD), and the other with primary dysplastic and secondary lichenoid features (DL), and to compare the proportion of malignant progression in these groups.

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Oral cancer is a global health issue with substantial morbidity and a high mortality rate mainly because of late-stage diagnosis. Cancerous lesions are often preceded by potentially malignant lesions that may be detected during routine dental examinations. Not only is the oral cavity easily accessible for screening, but the clinical risk factors of the disease are also known.

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Background: Fatigue is common in Parkinson's Disease, but few effective treatments are available for it. Exploring triggers and alleviating factors, including effects of exercise, could inform development of management strategies for Parkinson's Disease fatigue.

Objectives: To examine triggers and alleviating factors for fatigue reported by individuals with Parkinson's Disease, including perceived effect of exercise.

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Objective: To compare switching and discontinuation patterns of patients stable on originator infliximab (IFX) who switched to an IFX biosimilar (switchers) or remained on originator IFX (continuers) in the United States.

Methods: Symphony Health Solutions' Patient Transactional Datasets (10/2012-03/2019) were used to identify adults with ≥2 claims for either rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis, plaque psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis, or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); and ≥1 claim for originator or biosimilar IFX. The index date was the first IFX biosimilar claim for switchers or a random originator IFX claim for continuers.

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To assess long-term (2-year) biologic treatment patterns of psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients who initiated adalimumab, certolizumab pegol, etanercept, golimumab, or ustekinumab. Adult patients with ≥1 pharmacy or medical claim for injectable PsA biologics (index date) were identified from the Optum's Clinformatics Data Mart (1 January 2013-31 December 2016). Adherence, persistence, post-discontinuation treatment patterns, and addition of adjunctive medications were evaluated by index biologic.

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Objectives: To assess the lifetime cost-effectiveness of intermittent, reversible vagal nerve blocking (via the implantable weight loss device vBloc) therapy versus conventional therapy as treatment for patients who are class 2 obese with diabetes and for those who are class 3 obese with or without diabetes, who have found pharmacotherapy and behavioral therapies ineffective, but are not prepared or willing to undergo current bariatric surgical options.

Study Design: A cost-effectiveness model was designed to simulate weight loss, diabetes remission, and costs in patients with obesity undergoing vagal nerve blocking therapy versus conventional therapy.

Methods: The model compared 2 treatment arms, vagal nerve blocking therapy and conventional therapy, and for each treatment arm included 4 health states based on body mass index (BMI) class.

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