Whole-genome sequencing and single nucleotide polymorphisms in multidrug-resistant clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from the Philippines.

Objectives: Thousands of cases of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) have been observed in the Philippines, but studies on the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) genotypes that underlie the observed drug resistance profiles are lacking. This study aimed to analyse the whole genomes of clinical MTB isolates representing various resistance profiles to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in resistance-associated genes.

Methods: The genomes of ten MTB isolates cultured from banked sputum sources were sequenced.

Analysis of the antibody structure based on high-resolution crystallographic studies.

High-resolution structures of liganded and unliganded antibody molecules were analyzed in terms of the interaction between the antibody with ligand, between the residues in the contact between the variable domains, and between the framework and the complementarity-determining regions of the antibody. The solvent accessibilities of the residues in the variable domains were also analyzed. The structural information is useful in the engineering of antibodies for therapeutic and other purposes.