Impact on Fatality Rates and Years of Life Lost During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Experience of the Mexican Public Health Incident Management Command.

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic challenged health systems worldwide. In Mexico, the Public Health Incident Management Command (COISS) strategy was implemented to improve health care for patients with COVID-19 who required hospitalization.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of the COISS strategy on case fatality rates (CFR) and years of life lost (YLL) in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.

[Transversal Health Research Networks, a strategy for translational medicine].

Translational research, in its regulatory function as a current policy for the research activities being performed at the Mexican Institute for Social Security (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social: IMSS), demands a collaborative work among people involved in the generation of knowledge and in those who consume such knowledge. Being an organization who has among its major objectives for almost 80 years the health care of Mexican population, the Institute has an important human capital represented by its physician leaders, researchers and directors, who, by working closely together, will be able to find a better respond to the health care needs of the Mexican population. Through collaborative groups, transversal research networks oriented to the priority health problems of Mexican people are being organized as a strategy whose purpose is making research more efficient and ensuring rapidly applicable results, in order to improve the quality of health care services offered by the Institute, whose commitment is primarily to Mexican society, although the results of this strategy could also be shown to the world, considering that the Institute is one of the largest public health service organizations, at least in Latin America, and its results could be a benchmark for the region.

Genotype-Environment Interaction Analysis of NQO1, CYP2E1, and NAT2 Polymorphisms and the Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Report From the Mexican Interinstitutional Group for the Identification of the Causes of Childhood Leukemia.

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the main type of cancer in children. In Mexico and other Hispanic populations, the incidence of this neoplasm is one of the highest reported worldwide. Functional polymorphisms of various enzymes involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics have been associated with an increased risk of developing ALL, and the risk is different by ethnicity.

Status Update of the Reimbursement Review Environment in the Public Sector across Four Latin American Countries.

In Latin America, social security and public sectors represent the largest financiers and providers of health care. Many countries in the region have compulsory packages of basic health care benefits. As part of an effort to improve quality of care and access, several health technology assessment agencies, both governmental and academia, among a number of Latin American countries have been formally established in the past few years.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of pharmacologic treatment of fibromyalgia in Mexico.

Objective: To identify, from the Mexican Public Health System perspective, which would be the most cost-effective treatment for patients with Fibromyalgia (FM).

Material And Methods: A Markov model including three health states, divided by pain intensity (absence or presence of mild, moderate or severe pain) and considering three-month cycles; costs and effectiveness were estimated for amitriptyline (50mg/day), fluoxetine (80 mg/day), duloxetine (120 mg/day), gabapentin (900 mg/day), pregabalin (450 mg/day), tramadol/acetaminophen (150 mg/1300 mg/día) and amitriptyline/fluoxetine (50mg/80 mg/día) for the treatment of FM. The clinical outcome considered was the annual rate of pain control.

[Evaluation of patient satisfaction with the quality of health care received within the EORTC IN-PATSAT32 trial by patients with breast and colorectal cancer, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma at different stages. Correlation with sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities and other procedural variables at the Mexican Institute of Social Security].

Introduction: In Mexico cancer is a public health burden. Nowadays the health care systems pay special attention to patient's perception and satisfaction of the health care received. Satisfaction with quality of health care has an impact in the adherence to the treatment.

[Quality of life in Mexican women with breast cancer at different stages and its association with sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities and procedural factors at the Mexican Institute of Social Security].

Introduction: Quality of life is the most studied PRO (patient reported outcome) in cancer patients. With early diagnosis and better treatments in breast cancer, this entity has been transformed in a chronic disease with longer survival. The joint effects of diseases and treatment on quality of life are each day more important to consider in survival patients.

[Evaluation of health-related quality of life in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma and colorectal cancer at different stages, attending the Mexican Institute of Social Security].

Introduction: In Mexico during 2008, were reported 127,604 new cancer cases, 6,347 of them were colorectal cancer cases and 4,276 non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) cases.

Objective: To evaluate health related quality of life in non-Hodgkin lymphoma and colorectal cancer cases in different clinical stages, attended in a High Specialty Medical facility at the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, during a 13 month period.

Results: 162 patients were included, 56.

Cost-effectiveness of maraviroc for antiretroviral treatment-experienced HIV-infected individuals in Mexico.

Objective: Maraviroc is the first approved drug in a new class of antiretrovirals, the CCR5 antagonists. The objective of this study was to predict the long-term clinical impact and cost-effectiveness of maraviroc in treatment-experienced adults with HIV/AIDS in Mexico.

Methods: The AntiRetroviral Analysis by Monte Carlo Individual Simulation (ARAMIS) model was adapted to the Mexican context to predict clinical and economic outcomes of treating with optimized background therapy (OBT) versus testing for viral tropism status and treating with OBT ± maraviroc accordingly in treatment-experienced adults in Mexico.

Direct costs associated with the appropriateness of hospital stay in elderly population.

Background: Ageing of Mexican population implies greater demand of hospital services. Nevertheless, the available resources are used inadequately. In this study, the direct medical costs associated with the appropriateness of elderly populations hospital stay are estimated.

Cost-effectiveness simulation analysis of schizophrenia at the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social: Assessment of typical and atypical antipsychotics.

Introduction: Estimation of the economic costs of schizophrenia is a fundamental tool for a better understanding of the magnitude of this health problem. The aim of this study was to estimate the costs and effectiveness of five antipsychotic treatments (ziprasidone, olanzapine, risperidone, haloperidol and clozapine), which are included in the national formulary at the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, through a simulation model.

Methods: Type of economic evaluation: complete economic evaluation of cost-effectiveness.

[The willingness-to-pay concept in question].

The adequacy of the concept of willingness to pay within health economics evaluations is reviewed. A considerable number of researchers in the literature have pointed out multiple methodological issues involving willingness-to-pay estimates. On the other hand, the theoretical discussion about the aggregation of individual preferences within an aggregate demand remains open.

Cost-effectiveness analysis for joint pain treatment in patients with osteoarthritis treated at the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS): Comparison of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) vs. cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitors.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the main causes of disability worldwide, especially in persons >55 years of age. Currently, controversy remains about the best therapeutic alternative for this disease when evaluated from a cost-effectiveness viewpoint. For Social Security Institutions in developing countries, it is very important to assess what drugs may decrease the subsequent use of medical care resources, considering their adverse events that are known to have a significant increase in medical care costs of patients with OA.

The hospital appropriateness evaluation protocol in elderly patients: a technique to evaluate admission and hospital stay.

Background: Aging of the population represents one of the main challenges for health systems because of the increase in the demand for hospital services. To be able to count on tools that allow an objective evaluation of hospital-resource use becomes indispensable for health systems.

Objective: To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Appropriateness Evaluation Protocol (AEP) regarding the appropriateness of admissions and hospital stays in elderly patients.

[Competitiveness in the health care sector: analysis of the Swedish reform (1992-1995)].

The paper reviews the outcomes and failures of the Swedish health care reform, as well as the lessons learned for accomplishing better financial results and quality standards.

Direct medical costs for partial refractory epilepsy in Mexico.

Background: The aim was to determine the direct medical costs in patients with partial refractory epilepsy at the Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS) in Mexico.

Methods: We carried out a multicenter, retrospective-cohort partial-economic evaluation study of partial refractory epilepsy (PRE) diagnosed patients and analyzed patient files from four secondary- and tertiary-level hospitals. PRE patients >12 years of age with two or more antiepileptic drugs and follow-up for at least 1 year were included.

Antiprolactin autoantibodies are associated with hyperprolactinemic status in men infected with human immunodeficiency virus.

High serum prolactin (PRL) levels and even hyperprolactinemia are a common finding in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. However, little is known regarding the mechanisms that may contribute to the rise of PRL. We measured serum PRL levels in 54 HIV-infected and 85 healthy age-matched men.