Obesity-related subclinical hypothyroidism in childhood: Elevated triglycerides but not basal metabolic rate.

Background: Studies on the associations between obesity-related subclinical hypothyroidism with basal metabolic rate and risk factors of cardiovascular disease in children and adolescents are scarce.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of children with obesity (n = 294) from the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Childhood Obesity cohort. Differences in basal metabolic rate quantified by indirect calorimetry, and the cardiovascular risk factors; body mass index, blood lipids, fasting and 2 h oral glucose tolerance test glucose, glycated haemoglobin and insulin resistance, between subjects with and without subclinical hypothyroidism were investigated.

Validation of Fat Mass Metrics in Pediatric Obesity.

Introduction: Hudda-Index is a prediction model for fat mass (FM) based on simple anthropometric measures. FM is a crucial factor in the development of comorbidities, i.e.

Adolescents with obesity treated with exenatide maintain endogenous GLP-1, reduce DPP-4, and improve glycemic control.

Background: GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) are increasingly used to treat adolescent obesity. However, the effect on endogenous GLP-1 secretory patterns following treatment in adolescents is unknown. The GLP-1RA exenatide was shown to significantly lower BMI and 2-hour glucose in adolescents with obesity, in the placebo-controlled, randomized controlled trial Combat-JUDO.

Studies in children with obesity in two European treatment centres show a high prevalence of impaired glucose metabolism in the Swedish cohort.

Aim: To investigate the prevalence and possible risk factors for the development of impaired glucose metabolism in children and adolescents with obesity.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional retrospective cohort study, including 634 patients with obesity and 98 normal weight controls aged 4-18 years from the Beta-cell function in Juvenile Diabetes and Obesity (Beta-JUDO) cohort, a dual-centre study at Uppsala University Hospital (Sweden) and Paracelsus Medical University Hospital (Salzburg, Austria) conducted between 2012 and 2021. A longitudinal subgroup analysis, including 188 of these subjects was performed.

Screening for Inflammatory Markers Identifies IL-18Rα as a Potential Link between Exenatide and Its Anti-Inflammatory Effect: New Results from the Combat-JUDO Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Obesity is associated with chronic inflammation. Chronic inflammation has also been linked to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, metabolic associated fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular disease. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor analogs (GLP-1RA) are clinically used to treat obesity, with known anti-inflammatory properties.

Metformin Can Attenuate Beta-Cell Hypersecretion-Implications for Treatment of Children with Obesity.

In children with obesity, insulin hypersecretion is proposed to precede insulin resistance. We investigated if metformin could be used to attenuate insulin secretion from palmitate-treated isolated islets and its implication for children with obesity. Human islets were exposed to palmitate for 0.

Association between alanine aminotransferase as surrogate of fatty liver disease and physical activity and sedentary time in adolescents with obesity.

Unlabelled: To compare patterns of sedentary (SED) time (more sedentary, SED + vs less sedentary, SED-), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) time (more active, MVPA + vs less active, MVPA-), and combinations of behaviors (SED-/MVPA + , SED-/MVPA-, SED + /MVPA + , SED + /MVPA-) regarding nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases (NAFLD) markers. This cross-sectional study included 134 subjects (13.4 ± 2.

High levels of FSH before puberty are associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome during pubertal transition.

Background: During perimenopause, the rise in serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is associated with increased adiposity, insulin resistance (IR), and metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, data for the pubertal period, which is characterized by increasing FSH levels and changing body composition, are limited.

Objectives: To investigate the relationships between FSH and anthropometric changes, IR markers, and development of MetS in the peripubertal period.

Single Point Insulin Sensitivity Estimator in Pediatric Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Background: Attenuated insulin-sensitivity (IS) is a central feature of pediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We recently developed a new index, single point insulin sensitivity estimator (SPISE), based on triglycerides, high-density-lipoprotein and body-mass-index (BMI), and validated by euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp-test (EHCT) in adolescents. This study aims to assess the performance of SPISE as an estimation of hepatic insulin (in-)sensitivity.

Sedentary time has a stronger impact on metabolic health than moderate to vigorous physical activity in adolescents with obesity: a cross-sectional analysis of the Beta-JUDO study.

Background: Relationships between movement-related behaviours and metabolic health remain underexplored in adolescents with obesity.

Objectives: To compare profiles of sedentary time (more sedentary, SED+ vs. less sedentary, SED-), moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) time (more active, MVPA+ vs.

Association between Metabolic Syndrome Diagnosis and the Physical Activity-Sedentary Profile of Adolescents with Obesity: A Complementary Analysis of the Beta-JUDO Study.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is highly prevalent in children and adolescents with obesity and places them at an increased risk of cardiovascular-related diseases. However, the associations between objectively measured movement-related behaviors and MetS diagnosis remain unexplored in youths with obesity. The aim was to compare profiles of sedentary (SED) time (more sedentary, SED+ vs.

Deviating glucose results in an international dual-center study. A root cause investigation.

During a dual-center study on obese and normal weight children and adolescents, focusing on glucose metabolism, we observed a marked difference in glucose results (N = 16,840) between the two sites, Salzburg, Austria and Uppsala, Sweden (P < 0.001). After excluding differences in patient characteristics between the two populations as cause of this finding, we investigated other preanalytic influences.

Metabolic Abnormalities in a Cohort of Overweight and Obese Children in an Urban Setting of Sri Lanka.

Childhood obesity-related metabolic derangements are increasing among South Asian populations. Most of these changes persist to adulthood. This study aims to describe the distribution of metabolic abnormalities among 7- to 17-year-old overweight and obese children in the Gampaha District of Sri Lanka.

Prevalence of different states of glucose intolerance in Sri Lankan children and adolescents with obesity and its relation to other comorbidities.

Background: South Asian adults have higher prevalence of obesity comorbidities than other ethnic groups. Whether this also is true for Sri Lankan children with obesity has rarely been investigated.

Objective: To investigate prevalence of glucose intolerance and other comorbidities in Sri Lankan children with obesity and compare them with Swedish children.

Pancreatic Fat Is Associated With Metabolic Syndrome and Visceral Fat but Not Beta-Cell Function or Body Mass Index in Pediatric Obesity.

Objective: Adolescents with obesity have increased risk of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome (MetS). Pancreatic fat has been related to these conditions; however, little is known about associations in pediatric obesity. The present study was designed to explore these associations further.

Altered Plasma Levels of Glucagon, GLP-1 and Glicentin During OGTT in Adolescents With Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes.

Context: Proglucagon-derived hormones are important for glucose metabolism, but little is known about them in pediatric obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Objective: Fasting and postprandial levels of proglucagon-derived peptides glucagon, GLP-1, and glicentin in adolescents with obesity across the glucose tolerance spectrum were investigated.

Design: This was a cross-sectional study with plasma hormone levels quantified at fasting and during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Childhood Obesity: protocol description.

Background And Objective: The prevalence of childhood obesity has risen considerably on a global scale during the past decades, and the condition is associated with increased risk of morbidity. The objective is to describe the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Childhood Obesity (ULSCO) cohort, including some baseline data, and outline addressed research areas that aim at identifying factors implicated in and contributing to development of obesity and obesity-related diseases, including type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Severely obese and lean control subjects are examined at enrollment and at subsequent annual visits by using detailed questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, indirect calorimetry, and functional tests such as oral glucose tolerance tests.

The association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance in 20 obese children and adolescents.

Aim: To investigate whether there are correlations between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and insulin resistance in obese children. For the first time, we present clinical data of 20 obese children with NAFLD, including an oral glucose tolerance test.

Methods: Twenty obese children were diagnosed as having NAFLD by abdominal ultrasonography.