Publications by authors named "Irina Treede"
Article Synopsis
- Phosphatidylcholine (PC), a key lipid in gastrointestinal mucus, is found to be lower in patients with ulcerative colitis, and its therapeutic use in colonic mucus has shown beneficial effects in clinical studies.
- Recent research indicates that PC possesses anti-inflammatory properties, effectively inhibiting pro-inflammatory signals in intestinal cells induced by TNF-alpha.
- Experimental results demonstrate that various PC species significantly reduce the expression of multiple pro-inflammatory genes, analogous to the effects of specific NF-kB inhibitors, without impacting TNF-alpha receptor binding.
Article Synopsis
- - The study explores the role of phospholipids in the intestinal mucus barrier, particularly in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) like ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD).
- - Researchers collected mucus samples from 21 UC patients, 10 CD patients, and 29 healthy controls, using advanced mass spectrometry to analyze specific phospholipids, finding that UC patients had significantly lower concentrations of phosphatidylcholine (PC) in their mucus.
- - The findings suggest that changes in phospholipid composition and concentration in the intestinal mucus of UC patients may contribute to disease development, indicating potential avenues for new treatments.
Eukaryotic plasma membranes assemble actin filaments within seconds of activation of many receptors, especially during chemotaxis. Here, serum or sphingosine-1-phosphate stimulation of J774 and RAW macrophages released ADP within seconds into the extracellular medium, along with an adenylate kinase activity that converted ADP to ATP. ATP then activated the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) that was necessary for a peak of plasma-membrane actin assembly within 5 to 10 seconds in P2X7R-expressing J774, RAW and primary macrophages.
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- Mucus from ulcerative colitis patients has low levels of phosphatidylcholine (PC), but adding PC therapeutically shows potential benefits, though its mechanism is unclear.
- The study tested whether adding PC can reduce inflammation using three models: Caco-2 cells with TNF-alpha treatment, actin assembly analysis in phagosomes, and macrophage responses to sphingosine 1-phosphate.
- Results indicate that PC significantly inhibited pro-inflammatory responses in Caco-2 cells and macrophages, suggesting its beneficial role in controlling inflammation and supporting immune function.
Eurekanate belongs to the important class of branched-chain carbohydrates present in a wide variety of natural sources. It is a component of avilamycin A, a potent inhibitor of bacterial protein synthesis targeting the 50S ribosomal subunit. The present work provides experimental proof for the function of two genes of the avilamycin biosynthetic gene cluster, aviB1 and aviO2, that are both involved in avilamycin structure modification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAvilamycin is an orthosomycin antibiotic that has shown considerable potential for clinical use, although it is presently used as a growth promoter in animal feed. Avilamycin inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit. The ribosomes of the producer strain, Streptomyces viridochromogenes Tü57, are protected from the drug by the action of three resistance factors located in the avilamycin biosynthetic gene cluster.
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