Publications by authors named "Irina Smolina"

With increasing socio-economic importance of the rare earth elements and yttrium (REY), Norway has laid out plans for REY mining, from land-based to deep-sea mining, thereby enhancing REY mobility in the marine ecosystem. Little is known about associated environmental consequences, especially in the deep ocean. We explored the toxicity and modes of action of a light (Nd), medium (Gd) and heavy (Yb) REY-Cl at four concentrations (3, 30, 300, and 3000 μg L) in the Arcto-boreal deep-sea amphipod Tmetonyx cicada.

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The white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) (Linnaeus, 1758), an iconic apex predator occurring in all oceans, is classified as Vulnerable globally-with global abundance having dropped to 63% of 1970s estimates,-and as Critically Endangered in Europe. Identification of evolutionary significant units and their management are crucial for conservation, especially as the white shark is facing various but often region-specific anthropogenic threats. Assessing connectivity in a cosmopolitan marine species requires worldwide sampling and high-resolution genetic markers.

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SARS-CoV-2 has remained a global health burden, primarily due to the continuous evolution of different mutant strains. These mutations present challenges to the detection of the virus, as the target genes of qPCR, the standard diagnostic method, may possess sequence alterations. In this study, we develop an isothermal one-step detection method using rolling circle amplification (RCA) for SARS-CoV-2.

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Additive manufacturing (AM) is dynamically developing and finding applications in different industries. The quality of input material is a part of the process and of the final product quality. That is why understanding the influence of powder reuse on the properties of bulk specimens is crucial for ensuring the repeatable AM process chain.

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The complete mitochondrial genome of is 27,876 bp in length (GenBank accession OK500294) and containing 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 rRNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes. The gene order is novel compared to other species and copepods with sequenced mitogenomes. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that represent a fourth group within genus in addition to and groups.

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Copepods of the zooplankton genus play a key role in marine ecosystems in the northern seas. Although being among the most studied organisms on Earth, due to their ecological importance, genomic resources for spp. remain scarce, mostly due to their large genome size (from 6 to 12 Gbps).

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In the era of the coronavirus pandemic, one of the most demanding areas was the supply of healthcare systems in essential Personal Protection Equipment (PPE), including face-shields and hands-free door openers. This need, impossible to fill by traditional manufacturing methods, was met by implementing of such emerging technologies as additive manufacturing (AM/3D printing). In this article, Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) filaments for Fused filament fabrication (FFF) technology in the context of the antibacterial properties of finished products were analyzed.

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Due to rising global surface temperatures, Arctic habitats are becoming thermally suitable for temperate species. Whether a temperate species can immigrate into an ice-free Arctic depends on its ability to tolerate extreme seasonal fluctuations in daylength. Thus, understanding adaptations to polar light conditions can improve the realism of models predicting poleward range expansions in response to climate change.

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In this paper, a detailed assessment of Inconel 718 powder, with varying degrees of degradation due to repeated use in the Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) process, has been undertaken. Four states of IN718 powder (virgin, used, overflow and spatter) were characterized in terms of their morphology, flowability and physico-chemical properties. Studies showed that used and overflow powders were almost identical.

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Copepods of the genus are the key components of zooplankton. Understanding their response to a changing climate is crucial to predict the functioning of future warmer high-latitude ecosystems. Although specific species are morphologically very similar, they have different life strategies and roles in ecosystems.

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Evolutionary theory predicts that clonal organisms are more susceptible to extinction than sexually reproducing organisms, due to low genetic variation and slow rates of evolution. In agreement, conservation management considers genetic variation as the ultimate measure of a population's ability to survive over time. However, clonal plants are among the oldest living organisms on our planet.

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Nutrient limited conditions are common in natural phytoplankton communities and are often used to increase the yield of lipids from industrial microalgae cultivations. Here we studied the effects of bioavailable nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) deprivation on the proteome and transcriptome of the oleaginous marine microalga . Turbidostat cultures were used to selectively apply either N or P deprivation, controlling for variables including the light intensity.

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Background: Pteropods are planktonic gastropods that are considered as bio-indicators to monitor impacts of ocean acidification on marine ecosystems. In order to gain insight into their adaptive potential to future environmental changes, it is critical to use adequate molecular tools to delimit species and population boundaries and to assess their genetic connectivity. We developed a set of target capture probes to investigate genetic variation across their large-sized genome using a population genomics approach.

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Advances in next-generation sequencing technologies and the development of genome-reduced representation protocols have opened the way to genome-wide population studies in non-model species. However, species with large genomes remain challenging, hampering the development of genomic resources for a number of taxa including marine arthropods. Here, we developed a genome-reduced representation method for the ecologically important marine copepod (haploid genome size of 6.

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Planktonic copepods of the genus play a central role in North Atlantic/Arctic marine food webs. Here, using molecular markers, we redrew the distributional ranges of species inhabiting the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans and revealed much wider and more broadly overlapping distributions than previously described. The Arctic shelf species, , dominated the zooplankton assemblage of many Norwegian fjords, where only has been reported previously.

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Rising temperatures are predicted to melt all perennial ice cover in the Arctic by the end of this century, thus opening up suitable habitat for temperate and subarctic species. Canopy-forming seaweeds provide an ideal system to predict the potential impact of climate-change on rocky-shore ecosystems, given their direct dependence on temperature and their key role in the ecological system. Our primary objective was to predict the climate-change induced range-shift of Fucus distichus, the dominant canopy-forming macroalga in the Arctic and subarctic rocky intertidal.

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It is unclear whether intertidal organisms are 'preadapted' to cope with the increase of temperature and temperature variability or if they are currently at their thermal tolerance limits. To address the dichotomy, we focused on an important ecosystem engineer of the Arctic intertidal rocky shores, the seaweed Fucus distichus and investigated thermal stress responses of two populations from different temperature regimes (Svalbard and Kirkenes, Norway). Thermal stress responses at 20°C, 24°C and 28°C were assessed by measuring photosynthetic performance and expression of heat shock protein (HSP) genes (shsp, hsp90 and hsp70).

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Cancer cells differ from normal cells in various parameters, and these differences are caused by genomic mutations and consequential altered gene expression. The genetic and functional heterogeneity of tumor cells is a major challenge in cancer research, detection, and effective treatment. As such, the use of diagnostic methods is important to reveal this heterogeneity at the single-cell level.

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The spectrum of RNA functions in the cell continues to widen and new types of RNA molecules continue to be discovered. However, methods to access and manipulate endogenous RNAs in live cells are limited. Here we describe a universal technique for labeling natural RNAs in live cells with the probes synthesized by the cell.

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We have developed a self-reporting isothermal system for visual bacterial pathogen detection with single base resolution. The new DNA diagnostic is based on combination of peptide nucleic acid (PNA) technology, rolling circle amplification (RCA) and DNAzymes. PNAs are used as exceedingly selective chemical tools that bind genomic DNA at a predetermined sequence under nondenaturing conditions.

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In this report, we present a new method for sensitive detection of short DNA sites in single cells with single base resolution. The method combines peptide nucleic acid (PNA) openers as the tagging probes, together with isothermal rolling circle amplification (RCA) and fluorescence-based detection, all performed in a cells-in-flow format. Bis-PNAs provide single base resolution, while RCA ensures linear signal amplification.

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Seaweed-dominated communities are predicted to disappear south of 45° latitude on North-Atlantic rocky shores by 2200 because of climate change. The extent of predicted habitat loss, however, could be mitigated if the seaweeds' physiology is sufficiently plastic to rapidly acclimatize to the warmer temperatures. The main objectives of this study were to identify whether the thermal tolerance of the canopy-forming seaweed Fucus serratus is population-specific and where temperatures are likely to exceed its tolerance limits in the next 200 years.

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The unique ability of triplex-forming PNAs to invade the double helix has made it possible to develop a highly specific and sensitive approach for bacterial detection. The method uses short, about 20-bp-long, signature sequences presented as a single copy in the bacterial genome. Bacterial cells are fixed on slides and the PD-loop structure is assembled on the signature site with the help of PNA openers, which includes the circular probe.

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Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) openers have the unique ability to invade double-stranded DNA with high efficiency and sequence specificity, making it possible to detect short (about 20 bp), single-copy bacterial DNA sequences. PNA openers bind to a target signature site on one strand of bacterial DNA, leaving the other strand open for hybridization with a circularizable oligonucleotide probe. The assembled complex serves as a template for rolling circle amplification.

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