Congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) exists in three forms: diffuse (CHI-D), focal (CHI-F), and atypical (CHI-A), with surgical treatment relying on preoperative imaging and intraoperative diagnosis.
The study involved 35 CHI patients and analyzed PET/CT data, cytological, and immunohistochemical features of pancreatic samples, revealing significant differences in cell types and protein expressions among the CHI forms compared to a control group.
The findings suggest that quantitative cytological and immunohistochemical analysis can aid in the intraoperative diagnosis of CHI forms, highlighting the potential for developing targeted therapy using a NeuroD1 inhibitor.