Monitoring of in Lower Austria through DNA-Based Detection without De-Sporulation: 2018 to 2022.

American foulbrood is caused by the spore-forming . Although the disease effects honey bee larvae, it threatens the entire colony. Clinical signs of the disease are seen at a very late stage of the disease and bee colonies are often beyond saving.

Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha lineage and its correlation with quantitative wastewater-based epidemiology data.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) gave rise to an international public health emergency in 3 months after its emergence in Wuhan, China. Typically for an RNA virus, random mutations occur constantly leading to new lineages, incidental with a higher transmissibility. The highly infective alpha lineage, firstly discovered in the UK, led to elevated mortality and morbidity rates as a consequence of Covid-19, worldwide.

Diagnostic performance of the noninvasive prenatal FetoGnost RhD assay for the prediction of the fetal RhD blood group status.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a commercially available test kit for noninvasive prenatal determination of the fetal RhD status (NIPT-RhD) with a focus on early gestation and multiple pregnancies.

Methods: The FetoGnost RhD assay (Ingenetix, Vienna, Austria) is routinely applied for clinical decision making either in woman with anti-D alloimmunization or to target the application of routine antenatal anti-D prophylaxis (RAADP) to women with a RhD positive fetus. Based on existing data in the laboratory information system the newborn's serological RhD status was compared with NIPT RhD results.

Novel avian single-chain fragment variable (scFv) targets dietary gluten and related natural grain prolamins, toxic entities of celiac disease.

Background: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic, small intestinal inflammatory disease mediated by dietary gluten and related prolamins. The only current therapeutic option is maintenance of a strict life-long gluten-free diet, which implies substantial burden for CD patients. Different treatment regimes might be feasible, including masking of toxic celiac peptides with blocking antibodies or fragments thereof.

Antibiotic resistance marker genes as environmental pollutants in GMO-pristine agricultural soils in Austria.

Antibiotic resistance genes may be considered as environmental pollutants if anthropogenic emission and manipulations increase their prevalence above usually occurring background levels. The prevalence of aph(3')-IIa/nptII and aph(3')-IIIa/nptIII - frequent marker genes in plant biotechnology conferring resistance to certain aminoglycosides - was determined in Austrian soils from 100 maize and potato fields not yet exposed to but eligible for GMO crop cultivation. Total soil DNA extracts were analysed by nptII/nptIII-specific TaqMan real time PCR.

Prevalence of the aminoglycoside phosphotransferase genes aph(3')-IIIa and aph(3')-IIa in Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica and Staphylococcus aureus isolates in Austria.

The aminoglycoside phosphotransferase aph(3')-IIa primarily inactivates kanamycin and neomycin, whilst aph(3')-IIIa also inactivates amikacin. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of both resistance genes in major human pathogens to obtain their baseline prevalence in the gene pool of these bacterial populations in Austria. In total, 10 541 Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica subsp.

Interlaboratory comparison of Taq Nuclease Assays for the quantification of the toxic cyanobacteria Microcystis sp.

The application of quantitative real-time PCR has been proposed for the quantification of toxic genotypes of cyanobacteria. We have compared the Taq Nuclease Assay (TNA) in quantifying the toxic cyanobacteria Microcystis sp. via the intergenic spacer region of the phycocyanin operon (PC) and mcyB indicative of the production of the toxic heptapeptide microcystin between three research groups employing three instruments (ABI7300, GeneAmp5700, ABI7500).

Messenger RNA profiling: a novel method for body fluid identification by real-time PCR.

Conventional methods for the identification of different body fluids like blood, semen and saliva from biological stains involve immunological or enzymatic detection of certain proteins. In this study, we investigated potential RNA markers with the aim of developing Real-Time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based methods to allow differentiation between several body fluids. Total RNA samples from artificially stained swabs and from various pieces of evidence from case work were extracted, amplified and analyzed with several RNA markers.

Fibrinolytic balance of the arterial wall: pulmonary artery displays increased fibrinolytic potential compared with aorta.

Classic pulmonary thromboembolism research has documented that large pulmonary thromboemboli lyse spontaneously, suggesting potent fibrinolytic activity in human pulmonary artery (Pa). This concept conflicts with published animal studies in which the proximal Pa was reported to be devoid of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) expression. The current study used in situ hybridization protocols to demonstrate t-PA expression in samples of human main Pa (n = 30).