The Obesogenic Gut Microbiota as a Crucial Factor Defining the Depletion of Predicted Enzyme Abundance for Vitamin B12 Synthesis in the Mouse Intestine.

Currently, obesity is a critical global public health burden. Numerous studies have demonstrated the regulation of the pathogenesis of obesity and metabolic abnormalities by the gut microbiota and microbial factors; however, their involvement in the various degrees of obesity is not yet well understood. Previously, obesity has been shown to be associated with decreased levels of vitamin B12.

Association between Taxonomic Composition of Gut Microbiota and Host Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Crohn's Disease Patients from Russia.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory bowel disease of unknown etiology. Genetic predisposition and dysbiotic gut microbiota are important factors in the pathogenesis of CD. In this study, we analyzed the taxonomic composition of the gut microbiota and genotypes of 24 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) associated with the risk of CD.

Coexistence of Two Rare Genetic Variants in Canonical and Non-canonical Exons of : A Potential Source of Misinterpretation.

Primary cardiac channelopathies are a group of diseases wherein the role of DNA testing in aiding diagnosis and treatment-based decision-making is gaining increasing attention. However, in some cases, evaluating the pathogenicity of new variants is still challenging. We report an accurate multistage assessment of a rare genetic variant in the gene using next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques and Sanger sequencing.

Susceptibility of Virulent Bacteria to Predator Bacteria in the Lungs of Mice.

Multi-drug resistant bacterial infections are a serious threat to global public health. Changes in treatment modalities and prudent use of antibiotics can assist in reducing the threat, but new approaches are also required for untreatable cases. The use of predatory bacteria, such as , is among the novel approaches being considered as possible therapeutics for antibiotic resistant and/or unidentified bacterial infections.

The gendered effects of foreign investment and prolonged state ownership on mortality in Hungary: an indirect demographic, retrospective cohort study.

Background: Research on the health outcomes of globalisation and economic transition has yielded conflicting results, partly due to methodological and data limitations. Specifically, the outcomes of changes in foreign investment and state ownership need to be examined using multilevel data, linking macro-effects and micro-effects. We exploited the natural experiment offered by the Hungarian economic transition by means of a multilevel study designed to address these gaps in the scientific literature.

Asymmetric Structure of the Dimerization Domain of PhoR, a Sensor Kinase Important for the Virulence of .

The PhoP-PhoR two-component system is essential for the virulence of () and therefore represents a potential target for developing novel antituberculosis therapies. However, little is known about the mechanism by which this two-component system regulates the virulence. In this study, we demonstrated that a mutant strain has phenotypes similar to those of a mutant, suggesting that PhoP and PhoR work in the same pathway to regulate virulence.

The effect of rapid privatisation on mortality in mono-industrial towns in post-Soviet Russia: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Population-level data suggest that economic disruptions in the early 1990s increased working-age male mortality in post-Soviet countries. This study uses individual-level data, using an indirect estimation method, to test the hypothesis that fast privatisation increased mortality in Russia.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we surveyed surviving relatives of individuals who lived through the post-communist transition to retrieve demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of their parents, siblings, and male partners.

A thiolase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is required for virulence and production of androstenedione and androstadienedione from cholesterol.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, is an intracellular pathogen that shifts to a lipid-based metabolism in the host. Moreover, metabolism of the host lipid cholesterol plays an important role in M. tuberculosis infection.

The Mycobacterium tuberculosis PhoPR two-component system regulates genes essential for virulence and complex lipid biosynthesis.

Two-component signal transduction systems (2-CS) play an important role in bacterial pathogenesis. In the work presented here, we have studied the effects of a mutation in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) PhoPR 2-CS on the pathogenicity, physiology and global gene expression of this bacterial pathogen. Disruption of PhoPR causes a marked attenuation of growth in macrophages and mice and prevents growth in low-Mg2+ media.