The Impact of Achievements in Mathematics on Cognitive Ability in Primary School.

Unlabelled: Cognitive skills predict academic performance, so schools that try to improve academic performance might also improve cognitive skills. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of achievements in mathematics on cognitive ability in primary school.

Methods: Participants: 100 girls and 102 boys aged 9-10 years (the fourth grade) were selected from three schools.

Effects of a Physical Education Program on Physical Activity and Emotional Well-Being among Primary School Children.

(1) Background: It has been identified that schools that adopt at least two hours a week of physical education and plan specific contents and activities can achieve development goals related to physical level, such as promoting health, well-being, and healthy lifestyles, on a personal level, including bodily awareness and confidence in physical skills, as well as a general sense of well-being, greater security and self-esteem, sense of responsibility, patience, courage, and mental balance. The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of physical education programs on the physical activity and emotional well-being of primary school children. (2) Methods: The experimental group comprised 45 girls and 44 boys aged 6-7 years (First Grade) and 48 girls and 46 boys aged 8-9 years (Second Grade), while the control group comprised 43 girls and 46 boys aged 6-7 years (First Grade) and 47 girls and 45 boys aged 8-9 years (Second Grade).

Effects of an 8-week basketball-specific proprioceptive training with a single-plane instability balance platform.

Background: To avoid injuries in basketball players, they are recommended to pay more attention to improve their body balance. Therefore new training methods and equipment need to be devised. This study examined the effects of an 8-week basketball-specific proprioception training program while using a new developed one plane instability balance board during warm-up for improving balance ability in basketball players.

Effect of different exercise programs on non-specific chronic low back pain and disability in people who perform sedentary work.

Background: This study compared the short- and long-term effects of different exercise programs on lumbar muscle function, cross-sectional area of the multifidus muscle, functional disability and low back pain in people who perform sedentary work.

Methods: A total of 70 volunteer women with sedentary occupations suffering from low back pain were randomized to either the lumbar stabilization exercise program group or the lumbar muscle strengthening exercise program group. All subjects entered the 20-week exercise programs.

Effects of a 16-week Pilates exercises training program for isometric trunk extension and flexion strength.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of Pilates exercises designed to improve isometric trunk extension and flexion strength of muscles in women with chronic low back pain (cLBP).

Participants: Female volunteers with cLBP were divided into an experimental group (EG; n = 27) and a control group (CG; n = 27).

Intervention: Pilates exercises were performed twice per week by the EG; the duration of each session was 60 min.

The Effect of a Simulated Basketball Game on Players' Sprint and Jump Performance, Temperature and Muscle Damage.

Despite extensive data regarding the demands of playing basketball, the relative importance of factors that cause fatigue and muscle potentiation has been explored only tentatively and remains unclear. The aim of this experimental field study was to assess changes in leg muscle power and relate these changes to body temperature modifications and indices of exercise-induced muscle damage in response to a simulated basketball game. College-level male basketball players (n=10) were divided into two teams to play a simulated basketball game.

Effects of core stability exercises on multifidus muscles in healthy women and women with chronic low-back pain.

Background: Chronic low-back pain (LBP) may be related to decreased lumbar multifidus muscle cross-sectional area (CSA).

Objective: In this study, core stabilization exercises were designed to enhance neuromuscular control and correct multifidus dysfunction.

Methods: The subjects were healthy women (n = 11) and women with chronic LBP (n = 17).

Effects of estrogen fluctuation during the menstrual cycle on the response to stretch-shortening exercise in females.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether variation in estrogen levels during the menstrual cycle influences susceptibility to exercise-induced muscle damage after stretch-shortening cycle exercise. Physically active women (n = 18; age = 20.2 ± 1.

Changes in psychosocial adjustment of adolescent girls in the lessons of physical education.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to establish the changes in psychosocial adjustment of adolescent girls in the modified lessons of physical education.

Material And Methods: An experimental design was used in the study. The experimental group included 14- to 15-year-old adolescent girls (n=128), and the control group comprised adolescent girls of the same school and the same age (n=137).