Effect of biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs targeting remission in axial spondyloarthritis: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of biologic DMARDs (bDMARDs) in achieving Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society partial remission (ASAS-PR) and/or Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Score inactive disease (ASDAS-ID), as remission-like surrogates, in axial SpA (axSpA).

Methods: Data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs), including long-term extensions, were included. A systematic literature review was performed using the MEDLINE database (first search May 2018, updated February 2020) and PICO criteria according to Patients-adults with radiographic or non-radiographic axSpA; Intervention-any bDMARD; Comparator-placebo and/or any different drug; Outcomes-ASAS-PR and/or ASDAS-ID as primary or secondary endpoints.

Exploring the cytotoxic activity of new phenanthroline salicylaldimine Zn(II) complexes.

Zinc(II) complexes bearing N-salicylideneglycinate (Sal-Gly) and 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) or phenanthroline derivatives [NN = 5-chloro-1,10-phenanthroline, 5-amine-1,10-phenanthroline (amphen), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen) and 5,6-epoxy-5,6-dihydro-1,10-phenanthroline] are synthesized. Complexes formulated as [Zn(NN)(HO)](NN = phen and amphen), are also prepared. The cytotoxicity of the compounds is evaluated towards a panel of human cancer cells: ovarian (A2780), breast (MCF7) and cervical (HeLa), as well as non-tumoral V79 fibroblasts.

Interaction between HFE and haptoglobin polymorphisms and its relation with plasma glutathione levels in obese children.

Obesity among children has emerged as a serious public health problem. The growing prevalence of childhood obesity has led to the appearance of serious complications, including a chronic systemic inflammation associated with oxidative stress.  In the present study, we analysed the interaction between two genes related with iron metabolism - HFE and haptoglobin - and the plasmatic concentration of glutathione, as a way to evaluate the antioxidant response capacity in obesity.

Levels of Circulating Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF23) and Prognosis in Cancer Patients with Bone Metastases.

The fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling pathway plays a key role in tumorigenesis and is recognized as a potential therapeutic target. In this study, the authors aimed to assess the impact of serum FGF23 levels in the prognosis of patients with cancer and bone metastases from solid tumors. A cohort of 112 patients with cancer and metastatic bone disease were treated with bone-targeted agents (BTA).

Modelling cancer outcomes of bone metastatic patients: combining survival data with N-Telopeptide of type I collagen (NTX) dynamics through joint models.

Background: Joint models (JM) have emerged as a promising statistical framework to concurrently analyse survival data and multiple longitudinal responses. This is particularly relevant in clinical studies where the goal is to estimate the association between time-to-event data and the biomarkers evolution. In the context of oncological data, JM can indeed provide interesting prognostic markers for the event under study and thus support clinical decisions and treatment choices.

Total Knockdown of LMW-PTP in MDA-MB-231 Cells Reduces Osteoclastogenesis.

Background: Low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (LMW-PTP) has been related to tumorigenesis, having both oncogenic and anti-oncogenic roles. The differential roles of its main active isoforms (fast and slow) may account for these discrepancies. The fast isoform has been described to be involved in the bone-metastatic process, although knockdown of the slow isoform was recently reported to reduce osteoclastogenesis.

Radionuclides in oncology clinical practice - review of the literature.

Radionuclide therapy is a type of targeted therapy that can be useful in the treatment of several malignant tumors. Compared with other forms of systemic therapy used in cancer - including chemotherapy - it has the advantage of sparing biological structures adjacent to the tumor cells. This treatment modality has registered significant advances since its first use for the treatment of tuberculous skin lesions in the 1900s.

Heteroleptic oxidovanadium(IV) complexes of 2-hydroxynaphtylaldimine and polypyridyl ligands against Trypanosoma cruzi and prostate cancer cells.

In Latin America Chagas disease is an endemic illness caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi), killing more people than any other parasitic disease. Current chemotherapies are old and inadequate, thus the development of efficient ones is urgently needed.

New Cu(II) complexes with pyrazolyl derived Schiff base ligands: Synthesis and biological evaluation.

Since the discovery of cisplatin there has been a continuous pursuit for new metallodrugs showing higher efficacies and lower side effects. In this work, new copper(II) complexes (C1-C6) of Schiff bases derived from pyrazolyl were developed. Through condensation of 5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carbohydrazide with different aromatic aldehydes - pyridoxal, salicylaldehyde, 3-methoxy-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, 3-ethoxy-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 2-hydroxynaphthene-1-carbaldehyde - a set of new pyrazole based "ONO" tridentate Schiff bases were obtained in moderate to good yields - L1-L6, as well as their Cu(II)-complexes.

Radiolabeled block copolymer micelles for image-guided drug delivery.

We aimed at exploring block copolymer micelles (BCMs) for the simultaneous delivery of radiation/chemotherapy to cancer cells. To achieve that goal, we have prepared and characterized a novel type of docetaxel (DTX) loaded and non-loaded BCMs. The micelles were decorated with pyrazolyl-diamine chelating units to stabilize the matched pair Tc/Re for image-guided delivery of therapeutic drugs.

Molecular Mechanisms of Bone Metastasis: Which Targets Came from the Bench to the Bedside?

Bone metastases ultimately result from a complex interaction between cancer cells and bone microenvironment. However, prior to the colonization of the bone, cancer cells must succeed through a series of steps that will allow them to detach from the primary tumor, enter into circulation, recognize and adhere to specific endothelium, and overcome dormancy. We now know that as important as the metastatic cascade, tumor cells prime the secondary organ microenvironment prior to their arrival, reflecting the existence of specific metastasis-initiating cells in the primary tumor and circulating osteotropic factors.

N-Telopeptide of Type I Collagen Long-Term Dynamics in Breast Cancer Patients With Bone Metastases: Clinical Outcomes and Influence of Extraskeletal Metastases.

Background: Markers of bone metabolism, such as N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTX), have been demonstrated to be prognostic in previous trials of breast cancer (BC) patients with bone metastases (BMs). In the present study, we tested the survival effect of the NTX response to zoledronic acid (ZA) at 3 and 12 months in a contemporaneous cohort of BC patients with BMs and evaluated the influence of extraskeletal metastatic disease on NTX variation.

Patients And Methods: The present study was a prospective cohort study of consecutive BC patients diagnosed and treated at a single center.

The prognostic role of RANK SNP rs34945627 in breast cancer patients with bone metastases.

Receptor activator of NF-kB (RANK) pathway regulates bone remodeling and is involved in breast cancer (BC) progression. Genetic polymorphisms affecting RANK-ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) have been previously associated with BC risk and bone metastasis (BM)-free survival, respectively. In this study we conducted a retrospective analysis of the association of five missense RANK SNPs with clinical characteristics and outcomes in BC patients with BM.

Low Molecular Weight Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Slow Isoform Knockdown in MDA-MB-435 Cells Decreases RAW 264.7 Osteoclastic Differentiation.

Background/aim: During the bone metastatic process, tumor cells and bone cells drive a vicious cycle stimulating growth and activity of each other. We here address how low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (LMW-PTP) could be involved in this process.

Materials And Methods: We targeted LMW-PTP by siRNA and evaluated the effect of various soluble factors released to the culture medium by the MDA-MB-435 breast cancer cell line, in RAW 264.

Epistatic Interaction of CYP1A1 and COMT Polymorphisms in Cervical Cancer.

There is a clear association between the excessive and cumulative exposure to estrogens and the development of cancer in hormone-sensitive tissues, such as the cervix. We studied the association of CYP1A1 M1 (rs4646903) and COMT (rs4680) polymorphisms in 130 cervical cancer cases (c-cancer) and 179 controls. The CYP1A1 TT genotype was associated with a lower risk for c-cancer (OR = 0.

Dynamic modeling of bone metastasis, microenvironment and therapy: Integrating parathyroid hormone (PTH) effect, anti-resorptive and anti-cancer therapy.

Bone is a common site for the development of metastasis, as its microenvironment provides the necessary conditions for the growth and proliferation of cancer cells. Several mathematical models to describe the bone remodeling process and how osteoclasts and osteoblasts coupled action ensures bone homeostasis have been proposed and further extended to include the effect of cancer cells. The model proposed here includes the influence of the parathyroid hormone (PTH) as capable of triggering and regulating the bone remodeling cycle.

Therapy-Induced Cellular Senescence Induces Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition and Increases Invasiveness in Rectal Cancer.

Introduction: DNA damaging agents and ionizing radiation used in the therapy of human cancers can induce senescence of cancer cells. Senescent cells exhibit a secretory phenotype (senescence-associated secretome [SAS]) that can affect cancer cell behavior and, eventually, clinical prognosis. We assessed the effects of the SAS on the induction of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro and in clinical samples from patients with rectal cancer who had undergone neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT).

Bone remodeling markers and bone metastases: From cancer research to clinical implications.

Bone metastasis is a frequent finding in the natural history of several types of cancers. However, its anticipated risk, diagnosis and response to therapy are still challenging to assess in clinical practice. Markers of bone metabolism are biochemical by-products that provide insight into the tumor-bone interaction, with potential to enhance the clinical management of patients with bone metastases.

The role of CYBA (p22phox) and catalase genetic polymorphisms and their possible epistatic interaction in cervical cancer.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is necessary but not a sufficient cause for the development of invasive cervical cancer (ICC). Epithelial tissues, target for HPV, are exposed to reactive oxygen species (ROS) associated with tumor initiation and progression. The NADPH oxidase (NOX) and catalase (CAT) are involved in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production and inactivation, respectively.

Low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase isoforms regulate breast cancer cells migration through a RhoA dependent mechanism.

Low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (LMW-PTP) has been associated with cell proliferation control through dephosphorylation and inactivation of growth factor receptors such as PDGF-R and EphA2, and with cellular adhesion and migration through p190RhoGap and RhoA. We aim to clarify the role of two main LMW-PTP isoforms in breast cancer tumorigenesis. We used a siRNA-mediated loss-of-function in MDA-MB-435 breast cancer cell line to study the role of the two main LMW-PTP isoforms, fast and slow, in breast cancer tumorigenesis and migration.

Cellular uptake mechanisms of an antitumor ruthenium compound: the endosomal/lysosomal system as a target for anticancer metal-based drugs.

Previous studies have described promising antitumor activity of an organometallic Ru(II) complex, η⁵-cyclopentadienyl(2,2'-bipyridyl)(triphenylphosphane) Ruthenium(II) triflate ([η⁵-C₅H₅)Ru(2,2'-bipyridyl)(PPh₃)][CF₃SO₃]) herein designated as TM34. Its broad spectrum of activity against a panel of human tumor cell lines and high antiproliferative efficiency prompted us to focus on its mode of action. We present herein results obtained with two human tumor cell lines A2780 and MDAMB231 on the compound distribution within the cell, the mechanism of its activity, and its cellular targets.

RANKL/RANK/MMP-1 molecular triad contributes to the metastatic phenotype of breast and prostate cancer cells in vitro.

The osteolytic nature of bone metastasis results from a tumor-driven increased bone resorption. Bone remodeling is orchestrated by the molecular triad RANK-RANKL-OPG. This process is dysregulated in bone metastases, mostly via induction of RANKL by tumor-derived factors.

Characterization of low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase isoforms in human breast cancer epithelial cell lines.

Background: Low molecular weight protein tyrosine phosphatase (LMW-PTP) is a polymorphic protein with two major isoforms whose role in tumorigenesis is currently controversial.

Materials And Methods: We characterized LMW-PTP genotype, isoform expression and activity in six different human breast cancer epithelial cell lines (ZR75, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-231BO, MCF7, MDA-MB-231BO2, MDA-MB-435) and compared them with MCF10A, a normal breast epithelial cell line.

Results: mRNA expression of the slow isoform was increased in almost all breast cancer cell lines and that of the fast isoform was reduced (p<0.