Unraveling the Mysteries of Autoimmune Gastritis.

Autoimmune gastritis is an immune-mediated disease characterized by the destruction of parietal cells and atrophy of the oxyntic mucosa due to anti-parietal cell antibodies. It may lead to serious conditions including iron/vitamin B12 and micronutrient deficiencies, neurological disorders, and gastric malignancies. The exact mechanism of this disease is not exactly understood; however, dysregulated immunological mechanisms appear to be major contributors.

New entity of adult ultra-short coeliac disease: the first international cohort and case-control study.

Background: Ultra-short coeliac disease (USCD) is defined as villous atrophy only present in the duodenal bulb (D1) with concurrent positive coeliac serology. We present the first, multicentre, international study of patients with USCD.

Methods: Patients with USCD were identified from 10 tertiary hospitals (6 from Europe, 2 from Asia, 1 from North America and 1 from Australasia) and compared with age-matched and sex-matched patients with conventional coeliac disease.

Prevalence and Determinants of Gastrointestinal Manifestations in Patients with Selected Rheumatologic Diseases.

Background: Many rheumatic diseases may cause gastrointestinal manifestations. The goal of this study was to analyze the prevalence and predictors of gastrointestinal involvement in patients with rheumatic disorders.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and sys- temic sclerosis who have consulted due to gastrointestinal symptoms.

Histopathology of non-coeliac gluten sensitivity.

Diagnosis of non-coeliac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) remains still problematic due to the subjectiveness and lack of a specific biomarker. We aimed to compare NCGS duodenal mucosae with healthy individuals and Marsh type 1 coeliac disease (CD), to determine whether NCGS has characteristic histological features. A total of 44 healthy controls, 42 NCGS, and 44 type 1 CD patients were selected according to clinical, serological, and laboratory data.

Prevalence and predictors of colonoscopic findings in patients with autoimmune gastritis.

The clinical spectrum of autoimmune gastritis is silent in the early stages of the disease and no specific symptom is related to this entity. Although gastroscopic findings of this entity are well defined, data regarding colonoscopic findings are limited. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of colonoscopic findings and to explore factors that might affect these findings.

Clinical significance of concomitant extrahepatic autoimmune disease in patients with autoimmune liver disease.

Background And Aim: This study aimed to determine the presence of concomitant extrahepatic autoimmune disease (EAD) in patients with autoimmune liver disease (ALD) and the efficacy of the treatment response of ALD with the presence of any EAD.

Materials And Methods: Between January 2001 and November 2017, 241 patients with ALD were included in the study.

Results: Of the 241 patients, 88, 134, and 19 had autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and overlap syndrome (OS), respectively.

Natural History of Cirrhosis: Changing Trends in Etiology Over the Years.

Background And Goals: The aims of the present study were to investigate the natural history of cirrhosis and to determine trends in the etiology of cirrhosis.

Methods: Between January 2001 and January 2018, a total of 1,341 patients had been diagnosed with cirrhosis and were included.

Results: A total of 898 cirrhotic patients, who were followed up for at least 6 months were included into the analysis.

Thiol/disulfide homeostasis and ischemia modified albumin levels in autoimmune gastritis and their relations with gastric emptying.

Background/aim: Autoimmune gastritis is an autoimmune and inflammatory disorder. The aim of this study is to examine dynamic thiol/disulfide homeostasis and ischemia modified albumin levels, and to analyze the association between thiol/disulfide homeostasis and gastric emptying time in autoimmune gastritis.

Materials And Methods: Thiol/disulfide homeostasis tests and ischemia modified albumin levels were determined in 50 autoimmune gastritis patients and 53 healthy subjects.

Discriminant value of IEL counts and distribution pattern through the spectrum of gluten sensitivity: a simple diagnostic approach.

Intraepithelial lymphocytosis (IELosis) with or without villous abnormality is a characteristic feature of gluten sensitivity (GS) including celiac disease (CD) and non-celiac-GS, although various conditions may also be associated with IELosis. In order to distinguish GS from the other causes of IELosis, a threshold for IEL counts is necessary. We aimed to determine a cut-off value for IELs and monitor its value in the spectrum of GS in a large cohort.

The Relations Among Serum Ghrelin, Motilin and Gastric Emptying and Autonomic Function in Autoimmune Gastritis.

Background: Gastric emptying (GE) of solids is delayed and autonomic dysfunction is detected in autoimmune gastritis (AIG). The goals of this study were to: (1) compare serum levels of ghrelin and motilin in subjects with delayed and normal GE and (2) investigate whether circulating antimyenteric antibodies (CAA), serum ghrelin levels and motilin levels have any effect on autonomic function.

Materials And Methods: Noninvasive cardiovascular reflex tests were used in order to evaluate the autonomic function.

Utility of a laboratory score in the prediction of altered autonomic nervous system function in autoimmune gastritis.

Background/aims: Autoimmune gastritis patients may have autonomic nerve dysfunction. The goal of our study was to explore the predictive value of two scoring systems in the differentiation of altered autonomic nerve function in autoimmune gastritis patients.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-five patients with autoimmune gastritis were evaluated by using cardiovascular reflex tests in order to delineate autonomic nerve function.

Utility of a laboratory score in the prediction of gastric emptying in autoimmune gastritis patients.

Objectives: Patients with autoimmune gastritis may have symptoms suggestive of delayed gastric emptying. The aim of this study was to explore the predictive value of two scoring systems in the differentiation of delayed gastric emptying in patients with autoimmune gastritis.

Methods: About 154 patients (106 women) with autoimmune gastritis whose gastric emptying test were available, were analyzed using two laboratory-based scoring systems: 'global score' (hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, gastrin, vitamin B, and chromogranin A) and 'simple score' (hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, and gastrin) in order to discriminate delayed and normal gastric emptying.

Similarities and differences between older and young adult patients with celiac disease.

Aim: Celiac disease is an autoimmune enteropathy with variable clinical symptoms. Elderly patients can have different manifestations from those of young patients. The aims of the present study were to investigate whether any differences or similarities exist between older and young patients with celiac disease with a special emphasis on concurrent autoimmune diseases.

Factors associated with elevated serum chromogranin A levels in patients with autoimmune gastritis.

Background/aims: Chromogranin A is an important tool in the diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumors. Autoimmune gastritis is an autoimmune disorder marked by hypergastrinemia, which stimulates enterochromaffin-like cell proliferation. Chromogranin A is also elevated in autoimmune gastritis patients with a different level of increase in each patient.

Classification chaos in coeliac disease: Does it really matter?

The spectrum of mucosal pathology in coeliac disease (CD), initially defined by Marsh in 1992 has been subjected to several modifications in the following years by Oberhuber, then by Corazza and Villanaci, and finally by Ensari. The present study, aimed to end the ongoing confusion regarding the classification of mucosal pathology in CD by applying all the classifications proposed so far on a large series of cases. A total of 270 duodenal biopsies taken from the distal duodenum of patients with a diagnosis of CD were included in the study.

Differences between older and young patients with autoimmune gastritis.

Aim: Elderly patients with autoimmune gastritis might have different symptoms than those of young patients. The aim of the present study was to compare presented symptoms and laboratory parameters associated with autoimmune gastritis in both old and young age groups.

Methods: A total of 355 patients with autoimmune gastritis were stratified into two groups: 65 years or older (n = 119, mean age 69.

Polyautoimmunity in autoimmune gastritis.

Objectives: Autoimmune gastritis may be associated with other organ-specific autoimmune disorders, but the prevalence of this association is not entirely quantified. The aims of this study were to investigate the prevalence of autoimmune disorders and evaluate the factors that might affect this association in patients with autoimmune gastritis.

Methods: A total of 320 patients with autoimmune gastritis were retrospectively studied and data on concomitant autoimmune diseases, serum gastrin and chromogranin A levels, anti-Hp IgG, antiparietal cell antibodies, presence of enterochromaffin-like cell hyperplasia and gastric atrophy were gathered for each patient and associations between autoimmune gastritis and studied parameters were explored through descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis.

Comparison of three scoring systems for risk stratification in elderly patients wıth acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

Aim: Acute gastrointestinal bleeding is a potentially life-threatening condition that requires rapid assessment and dynamic management. Several scoring systems are used to predict mortality and rebleeding in such cases. The aim of the present study was to compare three scoring systems for predicting short-term mortality, rebleeding, duration of hospitalization and the need for blood transfusion in elderly patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding.

Relationships between autonomic nerve function and gastric emptying in patients with autoimmune gastritis.

Purpose: Autonomic nervous system dysfunction exists in autoimmune diseases. Symptoms of autoimmune gastritis are not specific, and some patients may present symptoms suggestive of delayed gastric emptying. This study aims to investigate whether any autonomic dysfunction exists in autoimmune gastritis patients, and if so, to clarify the relationship between the autonomic nervous dysfunction, delayed gastric emptying, and gastrointestinal symptoms.

Assessment of Gastric Emptying in Patients with Autoimmune Gastritis.

Background And Aim: Symptoms of patients with autoimmune gastritis are not specific, and some patients may present symptoms suggestive of delayed gastric emptying. This study aims to investigate whether any delay in gastric emptying of solid food exists in patients with autoimmune gastritis and, if so, to identify the factors that might affect delayed gastric emptying.

Methods: A total of 165 patients (106 women) diagnosed as having autoimmune gastritis were analyzed by means of a gastric emptying test.

Factors related to low serum vitamin B12 levels in elderly patients with non-atrophic gastritis in contrast to patients with normal vitamin B12 levels.

Aim: Vitamin B12 deficiency is frequent in older patients, and the main reason is pernicious anemia. However, vitamin B12 deficiency can occur in patients who do not have atrophic gastritis. The aim of the present study was to investigate factors affecting serum vitamin B12 levels in older patients with non-atrophic gastritis.