A cross-sectional study to correlate nasal profile and chin position with cephalometric lip profile.

Objective: To determine the effect of the nose and chin on the cephalometric lip profile.

Methods And Material: The pre-treatment lateral cephalograms of 177 adult patients with no history of orthodontic treatment were manually traced. The sample size was divided into three vertical and horizontal groups using angle ANB and MMA to assess the difference in nose and chin forms.

Outcomes of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in primary plasma cell leukemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HCT) is a pivotal treatment modality for primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL). We aimed to examine the outcomes of allogeneic (allo) and autologous (auto) HCT in adult pPCL patients.

Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was performed on PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Clinicaltrials.

An Act of Auto-Eroticism: Self-Urethral Insertion of Sewing Needle by an Old Man-A Case Report With Literature Review.

Self-insertion of foreign bodies into the urethra is uncommon and is often associated with complex psychological or behavioral factors. Many cases of foreign bodies in the urethra have been reported worldwide with variable complaints of penile pain, penile itching, dysuria, hematuria, and complete obstruction of urine. These foreign objects are managed to remove according to their size, complexity of shape, and location in the urethra.

Impact on Carbohydrate Metabolism and Oxidative Stress in a Type 2 Diabetic Rat Model.

This study was conducted to assess the possible antidiabetic potential of by employing as well as assessments. The dried plant material was extracted in methanol, ethanol, and water. The in vitro results showed that the ethanolic extract (EthCb) was found to have higher antioxidant and antidiabetic potential as compared with the aqueous (AqCb) and methanolic extracts (MthCb) so it was further evaluated in the in vivo trial using a diabetic rat model.

Seroprevalent study of cytomegalovirus infection in the regions of Jharkhand.

Background: The Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a type of beta herpesvirus widespread in all human populations. It is estimated that up to 80-100% of adults worldwide and most infections are harmless and can cause severe health complications in infants, like hearing loss and developmental issues. Still, immunocompromised individuals can experience serious complications from the virus.

Bacterial contamination of platelets concentrates in a lower middle-income country: Data from a single tertiary care hospital.

Background: Transfusion of bacterially contaminated platelets may cause life threatening sepsis in the recipients. Cost of platelet screening is a major challenge for low middle income countries (LMICs). In this study, we evaluated the frequency of bacterial contamination in the platelet units (PUs) and the outcome of transfusing such platelets to the patients in a single institute at Pakistan.

Role of Xpert PCR kit in assessing MRSA colonization in medical and surgical units of a tertiary care teaching hospital.

Background And Rationale: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization increases the risk of MRSA infection. Detecting MRSA colonization can influence postoperative outcomes and prolong hospital stay. The conventional standard culture method for detecting MRSA colonization has limitations in terms of sensitivity and turnaround time.

Managing a challenging case of bilaterally fractured DJ stents following extracorporeal shock waves lithotripsy for chronic encrustations: A case report.

Double-j stents are commonly used in many urological procedures to facilitate the drainage of renal systems postoperatively. Their usage has revolutionized the world of urological interventions but if left forgotten present serious complications. We report a case of an old man who was diagnosed with bilaterally fragmented DJ stents in situ in our urology department following his sessions of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for chronic encrustations.

Is combined letrozole and clomiphene superior to either as monotherapy: a systemic review and meta-analysis based on clinical trials.

Objective: This research was conducted to assess the therapeutic advantage of combined letrozole and clomiphene citrate versus monotherapy for polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) patients.

Study Design: Five databases were searched using the search string: (letrozole and clomiphene) AND (clomiphene OR clomiphene citrate OR CC) AND (letrozole OR LE) AND (ovulation induc* OR fertility induc* OR fertility preserv*) AND (polycystic ovarian syndrome OR PCOS). All statistical analyses were conducted in Review Manager 5.

Molybdenum tungsten hydrogen oxide doped with phosphorus for enhanced oxygen/hydrogen evolution reactions.

The development of efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions (HER and OER) is pivotal for advancing cleaner and sustainable fuel production technologies. The conventional electrocatalysts have limited stability and higher overpotentials, and there is demand to explore advanced materials and synthesis methods. In this context, a novel bifunctional electrocatalyst has been devised through the phosphidation of tungsten molybdenum oxide (P-MoWHO) at relatively low temperatures.

Evidence for ~12-h ultradian gene programs in humans.

Mice and many marine organisms exhibit ~12-h ultradian rhythms, however, direct evidence of ~12-h ultradian rhythms in humans is lacking. Here, we performed prospective, temporal transcriptome profiling of peripheral white blood cells from three healthy humans. All three participants independently exhibited robust ~12-h transcriptional rhythms in molecular programs involved in RNA and protein metabolism, with strong homology to circatidal gene programs previously identified in Cnidarian marine species.

Exploring and addressing the sexual and reproductive health and other related rights of transgender women in Bangladesh: A mixed methods protocol under the policy analysis framework.

Introduction: Transgender women (hijra) in Bangladesh are declared as a separate gender category by the Government. However, research revealed that they experience transphobia, which could potentially affect their physical and mental health outcomes, and their access to SRHR-related care. This warrants an exploration of their SRHR-related rights issues, particularly using a community-engaged approach.

Longevity of immune response after a single dose of typhoid conjugate vaccine against Salmonella Typhi among children in Hyderabad, Pakistan.

Objectives: Typhoid remains a persistent contributor to childhood morbidity in communities lacking sanitation infrastructure. Typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV) is effective in reducing disease risk in vaccinees; however, the duration of protection is unknown. This study measured the longevity of immune response to TCV in children aged under 10 years in Hyderabad, Pakistan, where an outbreak of extensively drug-resistant typhoid has been ongoing.

Antibodies in Aseptic Meningitis of Connective Tissue Disorder: A Case Report.

Mixed connective tissue disorder (MCTD) is the first overlap syndrome described with features of overlapping manifestations of at least two other autoimmune rheumatic conditions. It is an autoimmune disease of rarity and is strongly associated with specific antibodies to U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (anti-U1-RNP). This disorder affects almost all organs of the body, and it has varied clinical presentations as it has an autoimmune and inflammatory background, causing heightened immune cell activation.

Hepatitis E associated determinants and diagnostic biomarkers during pregnancy and its prenatal consequences in Multan, Punjab tertiary care setting (Pakistan).

Objective: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis in the world. Hepatitis E infection is commonly widespread by the fecal oral routes and contaminated water. This study was designed to explore the prevalence and risk factors of hepatitis E infection in pregnant women of the Multan district, Pakistan.

Efficacy and mechanism of gel for musculoskeletal injuries.

Objective: Formulate a gel and test its scientific efficacy for treating musculoskeletal ailments with or without phonophoresis.

Methods: Gel was made from leaf extract (30:70 aqueous-methanolic). A pragmatic, community-based, double-blinded randomized clinical study (IRCT20230202057310N1) was undertaken on 380 pre-diagnosed individuals with 1st and 2nd-grade musculoskeletal injuries, divided into four parallel groups (n = 95 per group): Group I got phonophoresis-applied 10% gel.

Microbiological Evaluation of Commercial Hand Sanitisers Available in Pakistan Using European Standard and Membrane Filtration Method.

Objective: To evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of various commercially available alcohol-based hand sanitisers (ABHS) using European standard (EN 1500) method and perform ABHS testing with membrane filtration method.

Study Design: A Cross-sectional observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Quality Control Section of the Microbiology Laboratory, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan, from February to April 2023.

The Assessment of Clinical Characteristics, Treatment Patterns, and Burden of Illness in Patients With Episodic and Chronic Migraine: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: Migraine is a prevalent and disabling primary headache disorder worldwide, causing significant years lost due to disability (YLD) and impacting various aspects of everyday life. Despite its high prevalence and substantial burden, there is a lack of comprehensive data on clinical patterns and management trends, in places like Tamil Nadu, India. This study aims and also fill gaps by investigating and analyzing the clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and illness burden among patients with episodic migraine (EM) and chronic migraine (CM) in the state of Tamil Nadu.

Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Diagnostic Radiology Among Clinical Year Medical Students.

Background Nowadays, radiology is considered one of the most important disciplines of medicine as it guides physicians to reach the proper diagnosis by using many types of medical imaging modalities, such as x-ray radiography, computed tomography (CT), ultrasonography (US), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These modalities are used to create dynamic images of different parts of the human body, which are being used to accurately diagnose and follow up on a variety of medical conditions. Moreover, in recent decades, radiology has experienced substantial growth and transformation, establishing itself not just in diagnostics but also in the domain of medical interventions, which includes the increasingly recognized discipline of interventional radiology.

Association between PM10 exposure and risk of myocardial infarction in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Air pollution has several negative health effects. Particulate matter (PM) is a pollutant that is often linked to health adversities. PM2.

A Rare Presentation of Guillain-Barré Syndrome With Associated Horner Syndrome: A Case Report.

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy involving the peripheral nervous system. Autonomic dysfunctions are well-known complications of GBS and are major contributors to mortality. Autonomic dysfunctions are classically described during the acute phase of illness.

Human olfactory neurosphere-derived cells: a unified tool for neurological disease modelling and neurotherapeutic applications.

As one of the leading causes of global mortality and morbidity, various neurological diseases cause social and economic burdens. Despite significant advances in the treatment of neurological diseases, establishing a proper disease model, especially for degenerative and infectious diseases, remains a major challenging issue. For long, mice were the model of choice but suffered from serious drawbacks of differences in anatomical and functional aspects of the nervous system.

An Atypical Presentation of Acoustic Neuroma With Facial Paresthesia: A Case Report.

Acoustic neuromas are benign neoplasms of the brain composed of Schwann cells, arising most commonly from the nerve sheath of the vestibular division of the VIII cranial nerve. They usually manifest as unilateral hearing loss, tinnitus, and unsteadiness. Some patients may present atypically with symptoms like orofacial pain, hemifacial numbness, sudden onset hearing loss, or trigeminal neuralgia.