Role of Different Fuels and Sintering Temperatures in the Structural, Optical, Magnetic, and Photocatalytic Properties of Chromium-Containing Nickel Ferrite: Kinetic Study of Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B Dye.

In the present paper, nanocrystalline samples of NiCrFeO were synthesized by the combustion method using different fuels such as glycine, urea, and poly(vinyl alcohol) and subjected to heat treatment at different temperatures of 600, 700, 800, and 1000 °C for 6 h. The formation of phases with highly crystalline structures was confirmed by XRD and Rietveld refinement analysis. The optical band gap of NiCrFeO ferrites lies in the visible range, making them suitable photocatalysts.

New Rare Earth-Doped Bilayered Perovskite Oxide Photocatalysts SrLaRFeMnO (R = La, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy) for the Degradation of Highly Toxic Methylene Blue Dye in Wastewater under Visible Light: Structural, Optical, and Magnetic Properties.

This paper presents the rare earth doping effect on the structural, optical, and magnetic properties of bilayered Ruddlesden-Popper oxides SrLaRFeMnO (R = La, Nd, Sm, Gd, Dy). Moreover, we are reporting for the first time a new rare earth-doped bilayered perovskite oxide series for the highly toxic methylene blue dye degradation in wastewater under visible light. Structural analysis of the PXRD data using the Rietveld refinements confirms the formation of the phases in tetragonal symmetry with the 4/ space group.

Solvent-Free Combustion-Assisted Synthesis of LaFeCrO Nanostructures for Excellent Photocatalytic Performance toward Water Decontamination: The Effect of Fuel on Structural, Magnetic, and Photocatalytic Properties.

The present study reports the synthesis of nanocrystalline LaFeCrO via a solvent-free combustion method using glycine, poly(vinyl alcohol), and urea as fuels, with superior photocatalytic activity. Rietveld refinement and powder X-ray diffraction data of nanomaterials demonstrate the existence of an orthorhombic phase that corresponds to the space group. The crystallite size of nanoperovskite samples lies in the range of 20.

Different Fuel-Adopted Combustion Syntheses of Nano-Structured NiCrFeO: A Highly Recyclable and Versatile Catalyst for Reduction of Nitroarenes at Room Temperature and Photocatalytic Degradation of Various Organic Dyes in Unitary and Ternary Solutions.

As industrialization progresses, there is a large release of hazardous pollutants into the environment. These pollutants, which contain nitro compounds and organic dyes, are extremely dangerous due to their toxic and carcinogenic nature. An efficient, environmentally benign, and economical catalyst to degrade environmental pollutants or convert them into useful products has been of sustained interest in recent years.

Outcomes of Dynamic Condylar Screw Fixation for Unstable Peritrochanteric Fractures.

Background The optimal treatment modality and choice of implant for unstable peritrochanteric fractures is debatable, with multiple options ranging from intramedullary to extramedullary implants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiological and functional outcomes of 95° dynamic condylar screws in unstable intertrochanteric fractures. Patients and methods This is a retrospective review of patients with unstable peritrochanteric fractures (31-A2 and A3 for Association for Osteosynthesis/Association for the Study of Internal Fixation (AO/ASIF) classification) who underwent open reduction and internal fixation with 95° dynamic condylar screw at Recep Tayyip Erdogan Hospital between 2014 and 2018.

Comparison of functional outcome of simultaneous and staged bilateral total knee arthroplasty : systematic review of literature.

Safety of simultaneous bilateral TKA (simBTKA) and staged BTKA (staBTKA) have been compared in previous systematic reviews but functional outcome remains neglected aspect of the debate. We performed a systematic review of contemporary literature to compare the functional outcome of simBTKA and staBTKA. We searched PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Central Database to identify all articles published between 2000 and July 2020 that evaluated the outcome of patients undergoing BTKA either in simultaneous or staged manner.

Outcomes of Direct Infrapectineal Buttress Plate for Quadrilateral Surface Fractures of Acetabulum Using an Anterior Intrapelvic Approach.

Purpose: Reduction and stable fixation of the quadrilateral plate are challenging primarily due to its location in the true pelvis, limited bone stock, juxta-articular nature, and its comminution. The current study aimed to investigate the quality of reduction and functional outcomes after open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with infrapectineal buttress plating of the quadrilateral surface via an anterior intrapelvic approach.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of twenty-one patients with acetabular fractures involving quadrilateral plate operated at Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital between January 2017 and December 2018.

Permanent pacemaker implantation associated tricuspid regurgitation.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of tricuspid regurgitation in patients with dual-chamber permanent pacemaker implantation.

Methods: This study included 153 patients undergoing permanent pacemaker implantation. All eligible candidates had baseline transthoracic echocardiography to rule out preexisting tricuspid regurgitation.

Timing of Surgery in Thoracolumbar Spine Injury: Impact on Neurological Outcome.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the improvement in neurological deficit following early versus late decompression and stabilization of thoracolumbar junctional fractures.

Methods: This is a retrospective evaluation of all patients with a traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) from T11 to L2 treated at a teaching hospital between 2010 and 2017.

Impact of metal density on deformity correction in posterior fusions for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A retrospective cohort study.

Introduction: Optimal implant density for posterior spinal fusion in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) remains controversial. We aimed to examine radiographic outcomes of AIS cases treated with limited density pedicle screw constructs.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of 96 patients (89 females and 7 males with mean age of 13.

Component Alignment in Simultaneous Bilateral versus Unilateral Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in component alignment between first and second knees in simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty (SBTKA) and unilateral TKA (UTKA).

Materials And Methods: 274 SBTKAs and 198 UTKAs were included in study. Patients were divided into three groups as SBTKA on the right knee (group A), SBTKA on the left knee (group B) and UTKA (group C).

One-stage Hip Reconstruction for Developmental Hip Dysplasia in Children over 8 Years of Age.

Purpose: This study was performed to assess the clinical and radiological outcomes following one-stage hip reconstruction, consisting of open reduction femoral shortening and pelvic osteotomy, for neglected developmental dislocation of the hip (DDH).

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of 77 hips in 65 patients (46 females and 19 males; 12 had bilateral dislocations), operated at a Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital in Pakistan between 2013 and 2015. The average age at surgery was 11.

Capsular arthroplasty for neglected developmental dysplasia of hip.

Introduction: Treatment of developmental dysplasia of hip (DDH) diagnosed after 10 years of age is extremely difficult because of the soft tissue and bone deformities. In this study, we evaluated short-term results of a single-stage procedure performed with surgical hip dislocation, femoral shortening and capsular arthroplasty.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective review of charts of five patients with DDH, older than 10 years, who underwent capsular arthroplasty at Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital between 2013 and 2015 was performed.

Prophylaxis against heterotopic ossification after elbow and acetabular fractures - Do we really need it.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of prophylactic modalities for heterotopic ossification prevention after elbow and acetabular surgeries.

Methods: The retrospective chart review was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital and comprised record of patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation for elbow and acetabular fractures between 2010 and 2013. Data was classified into three groups: Group A patients had received single dose of radiotherapy; Group B patients had received indomethacin, and Group C patients had not received any prophylaxis.

Effect of teriparatide on bone regenerate after distraction osteogenesis.

Objective: To determine the effect of teriparatide on new bone formation in a rat model of distraction osteogenesis.

Methods: The experimental study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, in November-December 2010, and comprised male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250gm each who were allocated to two treatment groups, teriparatide and saline, both given subcutaneously for 7 weeks. Femoral distraction was done for 3 weeks at the rate of 0.

Salvage of infected non-union of the tibia with an Ilizarov ring fixator.

Purpose: To review outcomes of 24 patients who underwent Ilizarov ring fixation for infected nonunion of the tibia.

Methods: Medical records of 21 men and 3 women aged 13 to 74 (mean, 38) years who underwent Ilizarov ring fixation for infected non-union of the tibia were reviewed. The mean bone defect was 3.

Heart valve surgery: EuroSCORE vs. EuroSCORE II vs. Society of Thoracic Surgeons score.

Background: This is a validation study comparing the European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) II with the previous additive (AES) and logistic EuroSCORE (LES) and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons' (STS) risk prediction algorithm, for patients undergoing valve replacement with or without bypass in Pakistan.

Patients And Methods: Clinical data of 576 patients undergoing valve replacement surgery between 2006 and 2013 were retrospectively collected and individual expected risks of death were calculated by all four risk prediction algorithms. Performance of these risk algorithms was evaluated in terms of discrimination and calibration.

Use of femoral nail with spiral blade in subtrochanteric fractures.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of acute subtrochanteric fractures managed with intramedullary nail and spiral blade fixation of the proximal fragment.

Methods: Charts of 33 patients (17 males and 16 females) with acute subtrochanteric fractures operated with intramedullary nail and spiral blade at our institution between March 2006 and February 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. The most common (67%) mechanism of injury was ground-level fall, predominantly involving elderly patients.

EuroSCORE vs. EuroSCORE II vs. Society of Thoracic Surgeons risk algorithm.

Introduction: This study presents a validation series for EuroSCORE II compared with the previous additive and logistic EuroSCORE and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons risk prediction algorithm.

Patients And Methods: Clinical data of 2004 patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass surgery between 2006 and 2010 were retrospectively collected and individual expected risks of death were calculated by all 3 risk prediction algorithms. Performance of these risk algorithms was evaluated in terms of discrimination and calibration.

Trends in coronary artery bypass surgery: impact on early outcomes.

Background: improvements in nonsurgical revascularization have left a group of higher-risk patients presenting for operation in a later stage of coronary artery disease. We undertook this study to analyze temporal changes in demographic and clinical profiles and outcomes of cardiac surgical patients.

Methods: we identified and retrieved preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables for 3064 consecutive patients who underwent myocardial revascularization at the Aga Khan University Hospital between 2006 and 2011.

Autoclaved tumor bone for skeletal reconstruction in paediatric patients: a low cost alternative in developing countries.

We reviewed in this series forty patients of pediatric age who underwent resection for malignant tumors of musculoskeletal system followed by biological reconstruction. Our surgical procedure for reconstruction included (1) wide en bloc resection of the tumor; (2) curettage of tumor from the resected bone; (3) autoclaving for 8 minutes (4) bone grafting from the fibula (both vascularized and nonvascularized fibular grafts used); (5) reimplantation of the autoclaved bone into the host bone defect and fixation with plates. Functional evaluation was done using MSTS scoring system.

Knowledge attitude and practices among urban women of Karachi, Pakistan, regarding breast cancer.

Objective: To determine the knowledge,attitudes and practices of urban women regarding breast cancer and its available screening modalities.

Methods: The cross-sectional, questionnaire-based, descriptive study was conducted in the urban population of Karachi in November 2010. Female attendants (n=373) visiting a tertiary care centre and four of its urban outreach centres during the study period were administered a questionnaire.

Impact of unplanned excision on prognosis of patients with extremity soft tissue sarcoma.

Unplanned excision of soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) outside comprehensive tumor management centers necessitates the need for wide reexcision to achieve adequate margins. We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 135 patients with STS operated at our hospital with the goal of examining outcomes, in terms of local recurrence (LR) and metastasis rate (MR), of reexcision following unplanned excision of STS and comparing results with those of first-time planned surgery. Eighty-four patients had their first-time surgery and 51 patients had come to us following unplanned excision at prereferral hospital.

Complications of total hip replacement.

Objective: To determine the factors causing complications in unilateral total hip replacement.

Study Design: Analytical study.

Place And Duration Of Study: The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, between 2000 and 2010.

Managing soft tissue sarcomas in a developing country: are prognostic factors similar to those of developed world?

Background: Managing soft tissue sarcomas (STS) in a developing country with limited financial resources and a poor health referral system is a challenge. Presenting late, these extremity STS are prone to recurrence despite apparently complete resection. This study aimed to explore and compare the impact of clinico-pathological factors on recurrence and survival in Pakistan with the corresponding figures quoted from the developed world.