Appropriate use of tocilizumab in COVID-19 infection.

Objective: This study aimed to describe the effectiveness and optimum use of tocilizumab (TCZ) treatment by the support of clinical, laboratory and radiologic observations.

Methods: All patients were followed up in the hospital with daily interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, d-dimer, full blood count, and procalcitonin. Thoracic computed tomography (CT) was performed on admission, when oxygen support was necessary, and seven days after TCZ started.

Comparison of the Oral Steroids, Macrolides and Combination Therapy in Nasal Polyposis Patients.

Objectives: In this study, our aim was to compare oral steroid therapy with macrolide therapy and with oral steroid + macrolide (combine) therapy in patients with nasal polyposis (NP).

Methods: All patients were treated with nasal steroid therapy for eight weeks and divided randomly into three groups as follows: Oral steroid group, oral macrolide group and combine group. All patients underwent endoscopic staging, radiological grading, odour testing and completed the sino-nasal outcome test-22 (SNOT-22) questionnaire before and after treatment.

Multidetector Computed Tomography Findings of Auto-Evacuated Secondary Acquired Cholesteatoma: A Morphologic and Quantitative Analysis.

Objectives: To describe and quantify computed tomography (CT) findings of auto-evacuated (spontaneously drained) secondary acquired cholesteatoma (SAC).

Materials And Methods: This multicenter retrospective study included 69 patients with intermittent ear discharge diagnosed with SAC by autoscopy or automicroscopy who were surgically treated. Three independent radiologists measured the medial and lateral attic distance on coronal and axial planes using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) in 75 ear CTs from 69 patients with intraoperatively verified diagnoses of pars flaccida cholesteatoma (n=36), pars tensa cholesteatoma (n=24), and auto-atticotomy or automastoidectomy (n=15) and compared them with contralateral healthy ears.

Neck Muscle Mass Index as a Predictor of Post-Laryngectomy Wound Complications.

Objective: We investigated the relationship between paravertebral muscle cross-sectional area (PVM CSA) at the third vertebra (C3) level using computerized tomography (CT) neck images and its relationship with complications after total laryngectomy.

Design: Retrospective analysis of 60 advanced laryngeal cancer patients who underwent total laryngectomy was performed. The cross-sectional areas of paravertebral neck muscles using neck CT at C3 level images obtained preoperatively were analyzed.

Paraganglioma of the larynx diagnosed with maneuvered three-phase contrast-enhanced computed tomography.

The standard diagnostic tool for laryngeal paraganglioma is generally accepted to be magnetic resonance imaging. However, the role of other imaging modalities has not been evaluated extensively. We describe the case of a 38-year-old man who had a history of voice distortion for several years.

Tonsillar Plasmacytoma: clues on magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Malignant plasma cell proliferation may present as a disseminated disease (multiple myeloma), a solitary plasmacytoma of bone, or an extramedullary plasmacytoma of soft tissue. The latter plasmacytomas represent approximately 3% of all plasma cell proliferations, and 80% develop in the head-and-neck region. The unexpected clinical presentation of such masses may be present.

Does CT help in predicting preepiglottic space invasion in laryngeal carcinoma?

Objective: Evaluating preepiglottic space involvement in laryngeal cancer by CT may lead misinterpretation. We sought to understand the causes of misinterpretation in evaluating the preepiglottic space by CT and assessed the effects of misinterpretation in treatment plans of patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas.

Methods: Specimen histopathology reports of 102 (99 male, 3 female) patients who underwent total or partial laryngectomy due to supraglottic and/or transglottic laryngeal carcinoma were reviewed.

Can ultrasonography-guided aspiration and steroid injection treat reflux venous blood flow around symptomatic Baker's cysts? Our short-term experience.

Objective: The aim of the current study was to investigate the efficacy of ultrasonography-guided aspiration treatment with concomitant steroid injection on relieving reflux blood flow in veins located next to symptomatic Baker's cyst.

Methods: All patients were examined by ultrasonography at administration and 1 month follow-up after intervention. Puncture and aspiration of the cyst, as well as injection of 1 ml dexamethasone were performed by the same radiologist.

The radiologic evaluation of osteitis type and formation in chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyposis.

Objective: To evaluate the amount and type of osteitis observed in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) and compare it with that of chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyposis (CRSnNP).

Setting: Sisli Etfal Research and Education Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.

Study Design: Prospective, single-blind, cohort study.

Ectopic cervical thymus as a rare cause of pediatric neck mass: the role of ultrasound and MRI in the diagnosis. Case report.

Ectopic cervical thymus (ECT) is an uncommon cause for cervical mass in the pediatric age group. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging findings of the mass (located along the thymic descent pathway along the thymopharyngeal tract and has identical echostructure and signal intensities to the native thymus in the superior mediastinum) would lead to the diagnosis. The diagnosis is confirmed by fine needle aspiration biopsy or histopathology after resection.

Computed tomographic analysis of frontal sinus drainage pathway variations and frontal rhinosinusitis.

Objective: The objective of this study was to radiologically determine frontal sinus drainage pathway variations with respect to superior attachment of uncinate process (SAUP) and their effect on prevalence of frontal rhinosinusitis.

Design: This was a retrospective cohort study.

Methods: Computed tomography scans of the 919 frontal sinus sides of 460 patients (252 female, 208 male; mean age, 35.

Correlation between computerized tomography density measurements of urinary bladder and urinalysis results.

Our aim was to investigate whether there is a correlation between computerized tomography (CT) density measurements of the urinary bladder and urinalysis results. Patients were subdivided into three groups with respect to urinalysis results: Group 1, no leukocytes or erythrocytes detected in urine (n=25); Group 2, erythrocytes detected in urine (n=50); and Group 3, leukocytes and erythrocytes detected in urine (n=98). In CT sections, densitometric measurements had been performed from three zones on each section and groups were compared in terms of densitometry results.

Comparison of the results of computerized tomographic and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging techniques in inflammatory bowel diseases.

Aim: To compare the findings obtained by computerised tomography (CT) enterography, which uses oral neutral contrast material and non-contrasted diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) technique and reveal the diagnostic value of DW-MRI in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.

Methods: Patients with established or clinically suspect diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease were included in the study. CT enterography and DW-MRI obtained from the patients were evaluated by a radiologist blinded to the endoscopic and/or histopathological results.

Diagnostic significance of periesophageal fat pad in ultrasonography for sliding hiatal hernias: sonographic fat pad sign.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the diagnostic significance of visualization of periesophageal fat pad in ultrasonography or computed tomography for sliding hiatal hernias. Forty-six controls and 21 esophageal hiatal hernia patients were compared in terms of sonographic and tomographic esophageal diameters. We suggest that absence of periesophageal fat pad sign in ultrasonography or computerized tomography is a noteworthy finding that calls for further investigation for the diagnosis of sliding hiatal hernias.

Reliability of preoperative multidetector computed tomography scan in patients with chronic otitis media.

Objective: The objectives of this study were to specify the objective criteria of existence of cholesteatoma in chronic otitis media on the preoperative multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and to evaluate the complications of disease.

Methods: We compared the results of preoperative MDCT scan with intraoperative findings in 71 patients (22 women, 49 men; mean age, 16-73 years) who had mastoidectomy operation between January 2008 and May 2012. Multidetector computed tomography evaluations of temporal bone were performed on a workstation using high-spatial-resolution magnified images with intended angle and plane.

Is there a relationship between subjective pulsatile tinnitus and petrous bone pneumatization?

Our objective was to evaluate the relationship between subjective pulsatile tinnitus and petrous bone pneumatization. Twenty-five patients admitted between January 2012 and March 2012 were assessed. The control group data were obtained by assessment of petrous bone images of 25 cases in which paranasal sinus computed tomography (CT) was performed because of chronic sinusitis and in which no ear pathology was present.

The clinical value of temporal bone tomography in chronic otitis media.

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the indications, the results and the limits of preoperative computed tomography (CT) scanning in chronic otitis media (COM), and to evaluate the clinical contribution of CT in determining the nature and complications of the disease.

Patients And Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the results of preoperative CT with operative findings during mastoidectomy in 50 patients with COM (28 males, 22 females; mean age 34 years; range 16 to 69 years) between January 2008 and January 2010 were analyzed.

Results: Computed tomography was highly sensitive to the presence of soft tissue, mastoid pneumatization, dural height, and temporal bone destruction with nearly 100% sensitivity.

Accuracy of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of sliding hiatal hernias.

Rationale And Objectives: Diagnostic measures that can be used for sliding hiatal hernia are barium swallow radiography, endoscopy, manometry, and computed tomography. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of transabdominal ultrasonography for sliding hiatal hernias.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study was performed in the radiology department of a tertiary care center between May 2011 and May 2012.

Quantitative diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of parotid gland masses: a study with histopathological correlation.

We evaluated the quantitative diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) for parotid masses. Seventy-five patients with 81 focal parotid masses were included. Following DW-MRI, 73 masses underwent surgical biopsy/resection, 6 underwent ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration, and 2 underwent both procedures.

Posterior Transpedicular Dynamic Stabilization versus Total Disc Replacement in the Treatment of Lumbar Painful Degenerative Disc Disease: A Comparison of Clinical Results.

Study Design. Prospective clinical study. Objective.

Using dynamic maneuvers in the computed tomography/magnetic resonance assessment of lesions of the head and neck.

Despite advances in technology, the radiologic assessment of certain head and neck lesions may still pose difficulties because of the complex anatomy of this region, the small and mobile structures that this region harbors, and the apposition of mucosal surfaces in the neutral position. Certain maneuvers have been described in the literature to overcome these difficulties. We review the use of the Valsalva and the modified Valsalva maneuver, the puffed-cheek technique, phonation, and inspiration, with possible applications in head and neck imaging.

Early results of real-time qualitative sonoelastography in the evaluation of parotid gland masses: a study with histopathological correlation.

Background: Sonoelastography has been used to differentiate malignant from benign lesions in numerous types of tissues including breast, prostate, liver, blood vessels, thyroid, musculoskeletal structures, and salivary glands.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and application of real-time qualitative sonoelastography in the differentiation of benign and malignant focal parotid gland lesions.

Material And Methods: A total of 75 patients (36 boys/men, 39 girls/women; age range, 10-83 years) with 81 lesions were evaluated prospectively by sonoelastography performed and interpreted by two expert radiologists.

Dynamic computed tomographic evaluation of vocal cord mobility in patients with larynx cancer.

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of dynamic laryngeal computed tomography (DLCT) for the detection of vocal cord mobility in larynx cancer.

Methods: Vocal cord mobility of 44 patients (36 men; age range, 49-81 years) with larynx cancer was examined; 13 patients were excluded (owing to poor image quality or bilateral vocal cord involvement), and vocal cord mobility was evaluated for the remaining 31 patients qualitatively and quantitatively with dynamic laryngeal computed tomography during phonation, inspiration, and Valsalva maneuver phase.

Results: The mobile cords were laterally positioned in a straight configuration on inspiration phase.

A case of an aberrant internal carotid artery with a persistent stapedial artery: association of hypoplasia of the A1 segment of the anterior cerebral artery.

Congenital vascular variants involving the temporal bones are rare. Awareness of these variants is important as they may mimic glomus tumors or complicate middle ear surgery. We present a case of a persistent stapedial artery associated with an aberrant carotid artery in the left temporal bone, which is highlighted in computed tomography imaging findings.

The importance of experience in percutaneous liver biopsies guided with ultrasonography: a lesion-focused approach.

Rationale And Objectives: The goal of this study is to emphasize the value of lesion-focused approach in ultrasonography (US)-guided solid liver lesion biopsies performed under our guidance.

Materials And Methods: In our retrospective study, after the standard preparation for US-guidance solid liver lesion biopsy was accomplished, we performed standard intercostal approach and the biopsy procedure though one of our patients experienced a major complication (pneumothorax). After this undesirable case, we reviewed our biopsy procedure and performed a lesion-focused approach technique as described in this article.