Transition metal-based electrocatalysts for alkaline overall water splitting: advancements, challenges, and perspectives.

Water electrolysis is a promising method for efficiently producing hydrogen and oxygen, crucial for renewable energy conversion and fuel cell technologies. The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are two key electrocatalytic reactions occurring during water splitting, necessitating the development of active, stable, and low-cost electrocatalysts. Transition metal (TM)-based electrocatalysts, spanning noble metals and TM oxides, phosphides, nitrides, carbides, borides, chalcogenides, and dichalcogenides, have garnered significant attention due to their outstanding characteristics, including high electronic conductivity, tunable valence electron configuration, high stability, and cost-effectiveness.

Mo-based MXenes: Synthesis, properties, and applications.

Ti-MXene allows a range of possibilities to tune their compositional stoichiometry due to their electronic and electrochemical properties. Other than conventionally explored Ti-MXene, there have been ample opportunities for the non-Ti-based MXenes, especially the emerging Mo-based MXenes. Mo-MXenes are established to be remarkable with optoelectronic and electrochemical properties, tuned energy, catalysis, and sensing applications.

PdO@CoSe composites: efficient electrocatalysts for water oxidation in alkaline media.

In this study, we have prepared cobalt selenide (CoSe) due to its useful aspects from a catalysis point of view such as abundant active sites from Se edges, and significant stability in alkaline conditions. CoSe, however, has yet to prove its functionality, so we doped palladium oxide (PdO) onto CoSe nanostructures using ultraviolet (UV) light, resulting in an efficient and stable water oxidation composite. The crystal arrays, morphology, and chemical composition of the surface were studied using a variety of characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.

Unveiling structural, electronic properties and chemical bonding of (VH) (n=10-30) nanoclusters: DFT investigation.

The geometries, electronic properties, and chemical bonding of (VH) (n=10-30) nanoclusters are systematically investigated by a combination of artificial bee colony optimization with density functional theory calculations. Structure analysis indicates that the structures of (VH) nanoclusters tend to be a disorder, where the hydrogen atoms prefer to occupy the hollow sites among different V atoms, binding three V atoms to form the HV moieties. The bond length suggests that the average V-V bond lengths are about 2.