A Multi-Faceted Analysis Showing Transcripts and a Recently Confirmed Micropeptide as Important Players in Ovarian Carcinogenesis.

is considered an oncogene expressed as long non-coding RNA. Our previous paper is the only one reporting as a micropeptide-coding gene. The amino acid sequence of this micropeptide (CRNDEP) has recently been confirmed by other researchers.

Mitochondrial Genome Variation in Polish Elite Athletes.

Energy efficiency is one of the fundamental athletic performance-affecting features of the cell and the organism as a whole. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants and haplogroups have been linked to the successful practice of various sports, but despite numerous studies, understanding of the correlation is far from being comprehensive. In this study, the mtDNA sequence and copy number were determined for 99 outstanding Polish male athletes performing in power (n = 52) or endurance sports (n = 47) and 100 controls.

Population Genetic Data of 30 Insertion-Deletion Markers in the Polish Population.

(1) Background: Insertion-deletion (InDel) markers show the advantages of both short tandem repeats (STRs) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and are considered alternative markers in forensic genetics. (2) Methods: Allelic frequencies and corresponding forensic efficiency parameters of 30 autosomal polymorphic InDel loci included in the Investigator DIPplex kit (Qiagen) were obtained in a sample of 631 unrelated Polish individuals. Allelic frequency data were compared with those reported for selected populations (3) Results: All the loci conformed with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after applying a Bonferroni correction and no pair-wise significant linkage disequilibrium was detected.

The Second-to-Fourth Digit (2D:4D) Ratio of Male Combat Athletes is Associated with the Choice of Sport.

The second-to-fourth-digit (2D:4D) ratio has been widely used as a putative marker of prenatal exposure to testosterone in health, behavioral and sport sciences, but it has only been used few times regarding combat athletes. This study involved 200 male elite combat athletes (Olympic wrestling, kickboxing, judo, taekwondo and karate) and 179 males not participating in any sports. The lengths of the index finger (2D) and ring (4D) finger were measured using computer-assisted image analysis (AutoMetric 2.

Association of serotoninergic pathway gene variants with elite athletic status in the Polish population.

Genetic factors are known to influence sport performance. The aim of the present study was to assess genetic variants in genes coding for proteins potentially modulating activity of brain emotion centres in a group of 621 elite athletes (212 endurance, 183 power and 226 combat athletes) and 672 sedentary controls. Ten statistically significant variants were identified in genes encoding elements of serotoninergic, catecholaminergic and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal systems in different sport groups.

Difficulties in interpretation when assessing prolonged and subacute exposure to the toxic effects of chlorine.

The purpose of this study was a toxicological interpretation of exposure to chlorine with unusual course. Medical, clinical and court records, as well as reviews of the literature, served as the basis for this interpretation. The first case of poisoning concerns a 52-year-old man who for a short time (probably several hours), during the industrial cleaning of facilities with sodium hypochlorite, was exposed to chlorine in a presumed high concentration.

Genetic variation of 15 autosomal STRs in a population sample of Bedouins residing in the area of the Fourth Nile Cataract, Sudan.

The purpose of the paper was to report allelic frequencies of 15 autosomal STR markers (AmpFlSTR NGM PCR Amplification Kit) for Bedouin inhabitants in the area of the Fourth Nile Cataract in Sudan, and compute commonly used population and forensic biostatistical parameters. Buccal swabs were collected from 117 unrelated individuals. DNA was extracted using DNA QIAamp DNA Mini Kit, and quantitated with Quantifiler Human Quantification Kit in a 7500 Real-Time PCR System.

[Chemical analysis of wastewater as a new way of monitoring drugs and medicines consumption at workplace].

The available information on the quality and frequency of illegal psychoactive substances used or medicines misused by workers, are often out of date at the time of its publication. This is due to the dynamic introduction of new synthetic drugs on the black market, changes in trends in the recreational use of medicines and the lack of readily available and reliable tests for fast identification. Strategy for detection of narcotic and non-medical psychoactive drugs use at workplace should embrace all possible sources of information.

Typeability of DNA in Touch Traces Deposited on Paper and Optical Data Discs.

Background: Nucleated epithelial cells that are transferred by casual touching and handling of objects are the primary source of biological evidence that is found in high-volume crimes. Cellular material associated with touch traces usually contains low levels of DNA template making it challenging to acquire an informative profile.

Objectives: The main purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of DNA typing in fingerprints deposited on optical data discs and the office paper.

Polish population data on 15 autosomal STRs of AmpFlSTR NGM PCR kit.

The objective of the research was to provide a comprehensive database of autosomal microsatellite loci included in AmpFlSTR NGM PCR kit for a population of Poland considering possible genetic differentiation of a forensic interest. Fifteen STR markers were analyzed in 2041 unrelated individuals residing in eight geographically different regions. All the loci were found to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

[Estimation of the usage of psychoactive substances in academic campus based on analysis of municipal waste water].

Important source of objective information about the nature and the scale of the usage of psychoactive substances becomes test of municipal waste water or surface water. From the analytical chemistry point of view municipal waste water are a complex mixture of substances therefore the authoritative analysis requires careful planning of both the place of sampling and the use of effective methods of research. The aim of this work was the attempt to estimate the scale of the usage of narcotic drugs in the academic campus Kortowo in Olsztyn during the students May holidays "Kortowiady".

[Accreditation of forensic laboratories].

According to the framework decision of the European Union Council, genetic laboratories which perform tests for the benefit of the law enforcement agencies and the administration of justice are required to obtain a certificate of accreditation testifying to compliance with the PN EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 standard. The certificate is the official confirmation of the competence to perform research, an acknowledgement of credibility, impartiality and professional independence. It is also the proof of establishment, implementation and maintenance of an appropriate management system.

[Process of exhumation and identification of victims of the 1992-1995 war in the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina].

Three and half years of war in Bosnia-Herzegovina in 1992-1995 took lives of thousands of people. About 30,000 of them were accounted for and reported as missing. Fighting and ethnic cleansing took place throughout the country.

Loss of heterozygosity (LOH)--implications for human genetic identification.

The aim of this study was assessment of possible effects of loss of heterozygosity on human genetic identification of histolopathogical tissue sections. DNA templates were extracted from tumour tissue specimens excised from oncological patients and from reference blood samples. AmpFlSTR Identifiler PCR Amplification Kit and ABI 310 Genetic Analyzer (Applera) were used to obtain genetic profiles.

[Polymorphism of 11 autosomal STRS in a population sample of Belarussian minority residing in the region of Podlasie (Northeastern Poland)--an extension of the STR core set].

Population genetic data for 11 STRs included in the Humantype Chimera kit were obtained by multiplex PCR and subsequent automated fluorescent detection (ABI 310) from a sample of 200 unrelated individuals of both genders belonging to the Belarussian minority residing in the region of Podlasie (Northeastern Poland). The objective of the investigations was determination of 11 STRs frequency and calculation of parameters of their usefulness in medicolegal examinations. The genotype distributions conformed to HWE for all the analyzed loci.

Analysis of forensically used autosomal short tandem repeat markers in Polish and neighboring populations.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the homogeneity of Polish populations with respect to STRs chosen as core markers of the Polish Forensic National DNA Intelligence Database, and to provide reference allele frequencies and to explore the genetic interrelationship between Poland and neighboring countries. The allele frequency distribution of 10 STRs included in the SGMplus kit was analyzed among 2176 unrelated individuals from 6 regional Polish populations and among 4321 individuals from Germany (three samples), Austria, The Netherlands, Sweden, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Belarus, Ukraine and the Russian Federation (six samples). The statistical approach consisted of AMOVA, calculation of pairwise Rst values and analysis by multidimensional scaling.

[Ethnic variation and forensic usefulness of Y-STR loci in inhabitants of northeastern Poland].

The objective of the investigation was the calculation of biostatistical indices and parameters of medicolegal usefulness and extension of the knowledge on the genetic structure of the population in view of its historical background and ethnic composition. Polymorphism of Y-STR loci was determined in population samples including the total of 718 males of Polish nationality and belonging to the minorities of Byelorussians, Lithuanians, Polish Tatars and the religious minority of the Old Believers. Statistical analysis of genetic polymorphisms indicated their usefulness in characterizing populations and ethnic groups.

Sequence analysis of a new short tandem repeat locus D17S2266E located in the human growth hormone gene cluster HumGH@.

D17S2266E is a new, variable genetic marker exhibiting polymorphism of the number of repeats of four- and two-nucleotide motifs. This study, carried out on a group of 250 unrelated persons from various regions of Poland, revealed the presence of 24 different alleles ranging in size from 232 to 290 base pairs. Analysis of the sequenced fragments demonstrated that the alleles consisted of two flanking regions and two variable blocks that were separated by a consensus sequence.

[A rare case of infant poisoning due to accidental administration of 1,2,3-triketohydrinden hydrate (ninhydrin)].

The paper presents a case of medical malpractice during the test for phenylketonuria. The authors analyzed all documents collected in the course of the investigation of infant poisoning due to accidental administration of ninhydrin. The medical assessment was based on an extensive review of the case history, as well as on spectroscopy (FT-IR), chromatography and chemical analysis findings that allowed for confirming the presence of the toxic substance in the evidence material collected during the initial investigation.

X-chromosomal polymorphism data for the ethnic minority of Polish Tatars and the religious minority of Old Believers residing in northeastern Poland.

Population samples of 420 unrelated individuals of the ethnic minority of Polish Tatars and the religious minority of Old Believers residing in northeastern Poland were tested for four X-chromosomal STR frequencies by multiplex PCR and subsequent automated fluorescent detection (ABI 310) using a commercially available kit Mentype Argus X-UL. Kinship tests revealed a typical X-linked inheritance with no mutation. Significant differences in allele frequency distributions confirm previous findings regarding genetic variation among ethnic groups residing in northeastern Poland.

[Polymorphism of four X-chromosomal STRs in a population sample of Belarusian minority residing in Podlasie (NE poland)].

The objective of the paper is to determine the allele frequencies for four X-chromosomal STRs determined in a population sample of 294 unrelated volunteers (191 males and 103 females) belonging to the Belarusian minority residing in northeastern Poland. A commercially available kit Mentype Argus X-UL (Biotype AG, Germany) was used to co-amplify X-STR loci: DXS8378, DXS7132, HPRTB and DXS7423. Electrophoresis and typing were performed by automated fluorescent detection in an ABI 310 Genetic Analyzer.

[Ethnic variation and forensic efficiency of selected microsatellite markers in a population of northeastern Poland].

Introduction: Objective of the research included calculation of biostatistical indexes and forensic efficiency parameters and deepening knowledge on genetic structure of the population considering historical background and ethnic composition.

Material And Methods: Forensic genetic markers were typed in a total of 620 individuals in population samples of Poles and minorities of Byelarussians, Lithuanians, Polish Tatars and Old Believers.

Results: Genetic polymorphisms analysed using statistic methods may be informative in differentiation of populations and ethnic groups.

[Polymorphism of the locus HUMHUU in the Polish population--a preliminary report].

The paper presents the results of a population study on the locus HUMHUU, which is a non-coding fragment of human DNA built of four nucleotide repeats (CTTT)n, localized on the 16th chromosome. The studies, carried out on a group of 200 non-related individuals, showed the presence of 14 different alleles, from 150 to 200 bp in length. Biostatistical calculations demonstrated that the expected heterozygosity was 0,830301 +/- 0,018768, PD - 0,949156, PIC - 0,806888, PE - 0,662444, PE for motherless cases - 0,491305, and the average paternity index - 2,946389.

[STR polymorphism of the non-coding human growth hormone gene (HUMGHCSA) and its use in personal identification--a preliminary report].

The HUMGHCSA locus, located within the non-coding region of the human growth hormone gene on chromosome 17, exhibiting polymorphism of the number of repeats of two and four nucleotide motifs (CT and CTTT), but also polymorphism caused by nucleotide substitution, is one of the most polymorphic STR markers. The purpose of this study was to report the development of a system of fluorescent analysis for an automatic sequencer, to test its reliability and to develop biostatistical parameters of its usefulness in forensic examinations. The studies, carried out on a group of 200 non-related individuals, showed the presence of 24 different alleles, of 221 to 279 bp in length.