Ketamine in the treatment of refractory and super-refractory status epilepticus: Experience from two centres.

Purpose: There is insufficient evidence on the management of refractory status epilepticus (RSE) and super-RSE (SRSE). Ketamine is a N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist in the treatment of these entities. Our objectives were to study the effectiveness and safety of ketamine in the treatment of adult patients with RSE and SRSE, to determine the factors that can influence the response to ketamine, and to explore its use in patients without mechanical ventilation.

Insights into the Synthesis Parameters Effects on the Structural, Morphological, and Magnetic Properties of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles.

The present study aims at the integration of the "oxalic conversion" route into "green chemistry" for the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) with controllable structural, morphological, and magnetic properties. Two oxalate-containing precursors (HCO.2HO and (NH)CO.

Effects of Partial Manganese Substitution by Cobalt on the Physical Properties of PrSrMnCoO (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.15) Manganites.

We have investigated the structural, magnetic, and electrical transport properties of Pr Sr MnCo O nanopowders (x = 0, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.

Time-dependent AC magnetometry and chain formation in magnetite: the influence of particle size, initial temperature and the shortening of the relaxation time by the applied field.

Magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) with 12, 34 and 53 nm sizes have been measured by AC-magnetometry at 50 kHz and 57 mT maximum applied field. The MNPs form chains under the AC-field, and the dynamics of the formation can be studied by measuring hysteresis cycles at different times. The measurement time has been varied from 5 ms to 10 s and for different initial temperatures of 5, 25 and 50 °C.

Experimental Annealing of Zircon: Influence of Inclusions on Stability, Intracrystalline Melt Migration, Common Lead Leaching, and Permeability to Fluids.

Zircon derived from crustal rocks can survive dissolution into hot basalts during magma hybridization and rock assimilation if it is shielded as an inclusion phase in early-formed phenocrysts or in minerals from non-disaggregated xenoliths. Under these conditions, zircon can be thermally shocked, triggering recrystallization of metamict domains and reaction with its hosted mineral inclusions. This work simulates this process by performing thermal annealing experiments on zircon grains with variable degrees of metamictization.

Magnetic and radio-labeled bio-hybrid scaffolds to promote and track the progress of bone regeneration.

This work describes the preparation, characterization and functionalization with magnetic nanoparticles of a bone tissue-mimetic scaffold composed of collagen and hydroxyapatite obtained through a biomineralization process. Bone remodeling takes place over several weeks and the possibility to follow it in a quick and reliable way is still an outstanding issue. Therefore, this work aims to produce an implantable material that can be followed during bone regeneration by using the existing non-invasive imaging techniques (MRI).

Modulation of Crystallinity through Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields in PLLA/Magnetic Nanoparticles Composites: A Proof of Concept.

To modulate the properties of degradable implants from outside of the human body represents a major challenge in the field of biomaterials. Polylactic acid is one of the most used polymers in biomedical applications, but it tends to lose its mechanical properties too quickly during degradation. In the present study, a way to reinforce poly-L lactic acid (PLLA) with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) that have the capacity to heat under radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (EMF) is proposed.

Aerogelation of Polymer-Coated Photoluminescent, Plasmonic, and Magnetic Nanoparticles for Biosensing Applications.

Macroscopic materials with nanoscopic properties have recently been synthesized by self-assembling defined nanoparticles to form self-supported networks, so-called aerogels. Motivated by the promising properties of this class of materials, the search for versatile routes toward the controlled assembly of presynthesized nanoparticles into such ultralight macroscopic materials has become a great interest. Overcoating procedures of colloidal nanoparticles with polymers offer versatile means to produce aerogels from nanoparticles, regardless of their size, shape, or properties while retaining their original characteristics.

Local Induction Heating Capabilities of Zeolites Charged with Metal and Oxide MNPs for Application in HDPE Hydrocracking: A Proof of Concept.

Zeolites are widely used in high-temperature oil refining processes such as fluid catalytic cracking (FCC), hydrocracking, and aromatization. Significant energy cost are associated with these processes due to the high temperatures required. The induction heating promoted by magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) under radio frequency fields could contribute to solving this problem by providing a supplementary amount of heat in a nano-localized way, just at the active centre site where the catalytic process takes place.

(In)Sensitivity to Accuracy? Children's and Adults' Decisions About Who to Trust: The Teacher or the Internet.

Recent research has challenged the extended idea that when presented with conflicting information provided by different sources, children, as do adults, make epistemic judgments based on the past accuracy of each source. Instead, individuals may use relatively simple, but adaptive non-epistemic strategies. Here we examined how primary-school children ( = 114) and undergraduate students ( = 57) deal with conflicting information provided by two key sources of information in their day-to-day lives: their teacher and the Internet.

Induction Heating in Nanoparticle Impregnated Zeolite.

The ultra-stable Y (H-USY) zeolite is used as catalyst for the conversion of plastic feedstocks into high added value products through catalytic cracking technologies. However, the energy requirements associated with these processes are still high. On the other hand, induction heating by magnetic nanoparticles has been exploited for different applications such as cancer treatment by magnetic hyperthermia, improving of water electrolysis and many other heterogeneous catalytic processes.

Spin transition nanoparticles made electrochemically.

Materials displaying novel magnetic ground states signify the most exciting prospects for nanoscopic devices for nanoelectronics and spintronics. Spin transition materials, e.g.

Colossal heating efficiency via eddy currents in amorphous microwires with nearly zero magnetostriction.

It is well stablished that heating efficiency of magnetic nanoparticles under radiofrequency fields is due to the hysteresis power losses. In the case of microwires (MWs), it is not clear at all since they undergo non-coherent reversal mechanisms that decrease the coercive field and, consequently, the heating efficiency should be much smaller than the nanoparticles. However, colossal heating efficiency has been observed in MWs with values ranging from 1000 to 2800 W/g, depending on length and number of microwires, at field as low as H = 36 Oe at f = 625 kHz.

High Frequency Hysteresis Losses on γ-Fe₂O₃ and Fe₃O₄: Susceptibility as a Magnetic Stamp for Chain Formation.

In order to understand the properties involved in the heating performance of magnetic nanoparticles during hyperthermia treatments, a systematic study of different γ-Fe₂O₃ and Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles has been done. High-frequency hysteresis loops at 50 kHz carried out on particles with sizes ranging from 6 to 350 nm show susceptibility χ increases from 9 to 40 for large particles and it is almost field independent for the smaller ones. This suggests that the applied field induces chain ordering in large particles but not in the smaller ones due to the competition between thermal and dipolar energy.

Hybrid nanoparticles for magnetic and plasmonic hyperthermia.

The present manuscript reports the use of hybrid magneto-plasmonic nanoparticles (HMPNPs) based on iron oxide nanoparticles and Au nanorods as colloidal nanoheaters. The individual synthesis of the magnetic and plasmonic components allowed optimizing their features for heating performance separately, before they were hybridized. Besides, a detailed characterization and finite element simulations were carried out to explain the interaction effects observed between the phases of the HMPNPs.

Acute amnesia and seizures in a young female.

Limbic encephalitis is a condition characterised by an acute or sub-acute onset of memory disorder, associated with seizures and psychiatric manifestations. Investigations such as brain MRI usually reveal a high intensity signal in the medial temporal lobe and cerebrospinal fluid analysis shows mild pleocytosis and oligoclonal bands. It may occur in association with cancer, infection, or as an isolated clinical condition, often accompanying autoimmune disorders.

Episodes of loss of consciousness in a patient with a background of cerebral venous thrombosis.

Episodes of loss of consciousness are common, even in young, healthy people, and can sometimes represent a diagnostic challenge. The main diagnoses to consider are syncope and epileptic seizures, both of which may have similar symptomatology such as dizziness, loss of consciousness, falls, or "convulsive" phenomena. We present the case of a young male patient with a background of two venous thrombosis episodes (superior vena cava thrombosis and cerebral venous thrombosis), attributed to protein C and S deficiency and complicated by high intracranial pressure.

Integrity of the oral tissues in patients with solid-organ transplants.

The relationship between the use of immunosuppressants in solid-organ transplant patients and oral tissue abnormalities has been recognized. The objective of this study was to determine the state of oral tissue integrity in renal, heart, and liver transplant patients who are on continuous medical and dental control. Forty patients of both sexes were clinically evaluated at the Clinical Hospital of the University of Chile to identify pathologies of oral mucosa, gingival enlargement (GE), decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT) index, and salivary flow.