Risk Factors for Infusions, Emergency Room Visits and Hospitalizations for Hyperemesis Gravidarum: New Data and Literature Review.

Purpose: Few factors have been identified that increase the risk of visits (hospital emergency room or inpatient stays) due to hyperemesis gravidarum (HG). The purpose of this study is to understand trends in HG management and identify variables increasing visit frequency so that strategies may be developed to reduce hospital utilization.

Study Design: An online survey was posted on the Hyperemesis Education and Research Foundation website and social media between June 2022 and May 2023.

Gene expression profiling detects gene amplification and differentiates tumor types in breast cancer.

Global gene expression analysis using microarrays has been used to characterize the molecular profile of tumors. Gene expression variability at the mRNA level can be caused by a number of different events, including novel signaling, downstream activation of transcription enhancers or silencers, somatic mutation, and genetic amplification or deletion. Genomic amplifications are commonly observed in cancer and often include known oncogenes.