Vulnerable Research Participant Policies at U.S. Academic Institutions.

Historically, some of the worst abuses of human research participants have involved populations which are vulnerable to coercion, harm, or exploitation, such as prisoners, children, and people with compromised decision-making abilities. Although there has been considerable philosophical and ethical debate about how to protect vulnerable populations, there have been only a handful of empirical studies on vulnerable population policies. We conducted a cross-sectional study on vulnerable population policies from the 105 top funded U.

Spectrum of cardiac diseases among young and older adults defined by echocardiography at Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute: A prospective cross-sectional study.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with data showing an increasing trend. Previously uncommon, CVDs of lifestyle are now increasing in many Sub-Sahara African (SSA) countries including Tanzania. The study aimed at determining the spectrum and distribution of CVDs among young (< 45 years) and older (≥ 45 years) adults referred for echocardiography at Jakaya Kikwete Cardiac Institute (JKCI).