Increased Frequency of Giant Miniature End-Plate Potentials at the Neuromuscular Junction in Diabetic Rats.

There is a need for research addressing the functional characteristics of the motor end-plate in diabetes to identify mechanisms contributing to neuromuscular dysfunction. Here, we investigated the effect of diabetes on spontaneous acetylcholine release in the rat neuromuscular junction. We studied two randomized groups of male Wistar rats (n = 7 per group, 350 ± 50 g, 12-16 weeks of age): one with streptozotocin-induced experimental diabetes, and a healthy control group without diabetes.

Antinociceptive and antiedema effects produced in rats by Brassica oleracea var. italica sprouts involving sulforaphane.

Natural products are recognized as potential analgesics since many of them are part of modern medicine to relieve pain without serious adverse effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of an aqueous extract of Brassica oleracea var. italica sprouts (AEBS) and one of its main reported bioactive metabolites sulforaphane (SFN).

Activation of Peripheral Cannabinoid Receptors Synergizes the Effect of Systemic Ibuprofen in a Pain Model in Rat.

Pharmacological synergism is a current strategy for the treatment of pain. However, few studies have been explored to provide evidence of the possible synergism between a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) and a cannabinoid agonist, in order to establish which combinations might be effective to manage pain. The aim of this study was to explore the synergism between ibuprofen (IBU) and the synthetic cannabinoid WIN 55,212-2 (WIN) to improve pain relief by analyzing the degree of participation of the CB and CB cannabinoid receptors in the possible antinociceptive synergism using an experimental model of pain in Wistar rats.

ZnO Nanoparticles Induce Dyslipidemia and Atherosclerotic Lesions Leading to Changes in Vascular Contractility and Cannabinoid Receptors Expression as Well as Increased Blood Pressure.

ZnO nanoparticles (ZnONPs) have been shown to have therapeutic potential in some diseases such as diabetes and cancer. However, concentration-dependent adverse effects have also been reported. Studies which evaluate the effects of ZnONPs on the cardiovascular system are scarce.

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Induce an Adverse Effect on Blood Glucose Levels Depending On the Dose and Route of Administration in Healthy and Diabetic Rats.

Different studies in experimental diabetes models suggest that zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) are useful as antidiabetic agents. However, this evidence was performed and measured in long-term treatments and with repeated doses of ZnONPs. This work aimed to evaluate the ZnONPs acute effects on glycemia during the next six h after an oral or intraperitoneal administration of the treatment in healthy and diabetic rats.

Silicon containing ibuprofen derivatives with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities: An in vivo and in silico study.

There are many chronic diseases related with inflammation. The chronic inflammation can produce other problems as cancer. Therefore, it is necessary to design drugs with better anti-inflammatory activity than those in the clinic.

Moringa oleifera, a species with potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities.

Moringa oleifera has long been used in large demand in folk medicine to treat pain. The present study was undertaken to examine the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory spectrum of M. oleifera leaf extracts discriminating the constituents' nature by using different kind of experimental models in rats.

Tramadol and Tramadol+Caffeine Synergism in the Rat Formalin Test Are Mediated by Central Opioid and Serotonergic Mechanisms.

Different analgesic combinations with caffeine have shown this drug to be capable of increasing the analgesic effect. Many combinations with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been carried out, but, in regard to opioids, only combinations with morphine and tramadol have been reported. The antinociceptive synergism mechanism of these combinations is not well understood.

Isobolographic analysis of the antinociceptive interaction between ursolic acid and diclofenac or tramadol in mice.

It is considered that natural products used in folk medicine can potentiate the effect of drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pharmacological interaction between ursolic acid, a triterpene isolated from herbal medicines to treat pain, and the analgesics diclofenac or tramadol. Individual dose-response curves of the antinociceptive effect of these compounds were built to calculate the ED50, as well as the pharmacological interaction, by using isobolographic analysis.

Opioid Mechanism Involvement in the Synergism Produced by the Combination of Diclofenac and Caffeine in the Formalin Model.

Analgesics can be administered in combination with caffeine for improved analgesic effectiveness in a process known as synergism. The mechanisms by which these combinations produce synergism are not yet fully understood. The aim of this study was to analyze whether the administration of diclofenac combined with caffeine produced antinociceptive synergism and whether opioid mechanisms played a role in this event.

Spasmolytic and antinociceptive activities of ursolic acid and acacetin identified in Agastache mexicana.

Agastache mexicana is a plant in high demand that has long been used in Mexican folk medicine to treat anxiety, insomnia, and stomachache, among other afflictions. Ursolic acid and acacetin were isolated and identified as two possible active compounds of A. mexicana aerial parts.

Tramadol and caffeine produce synergistic interactions on antinociception measured in a formalin model.

Drug combinations have been used in clinical practice for the main purpose of increasing therapeutic effect efficacy. The aim of this study was to determine the antinociceptive effect of tramadol and caffeine administered separately or in combination, as well as their synergistic interaction. The formalin test was used.

Antinociceptive activity of Annona diversifolia Saff. leaf extracts and palmitone as a bioactive compound.

Annonas are consumed as fresh fruits, but are also widely used in folk medicine for treating pain and other ailments. Antinociceptive properties of the Annona diversifolia ethanol crude extract were tested using the pain-induced functional impairment model in rat (PIFIR) and the writhing test in mice. The ethanol extract caused a 25% recovery of limb function in rats; this response was significant and dose-dependent.