Polymeric Nanocapsules Containing Ozonated Oil and Terbinafine Hydrochloride as a Potential Treatment Against Dermatophytes.

Terbinafine hydrochloride is a synthetic allylamine whose mechanism of action consists of inhibiting the enzyme squalene epoxidase that participates in the first stage of ergosterol synthesis, interfering with fungal membrane function. Ozonated oils are used for topical application of ozone, producing reactive oxygen species that cause cellular damage in microorganisms, therefore being an alternative treatment for acute and chronic skin infections. This study aimed to develop and characterize Eudragit RS100 nanocapsules, obtained by interfacial deposition of preformed polymer method, containing 0.

Development of a Clioquinol Nanocarrier as a New, Promising Option for the Treatment of Dermatomycosis.

Dermatomycosis is a common fungal infection, and its treatment is limited by few antifungal agents. Clioquinol (CQ) is an antiparasitic agent that has been studied for new uses, such as antifungal and antiviral applications. CQ was incorporated into a lipid-based nanocarrier as a new, promising option for dermatomycosis.

Nanoemulsion Containing Kojic Dipalmitate and Rosehip Oil: A Promising Formulation to Treat Melasma.

Melasma is a hard-to-treat hyperpigmentation disorder. Combined incorporation of kojic dipalmitate (KDP), the esterified form of kojic acid, and rosehip oil, an oil with antioxidant and skin-regenerating properties, into nanocarrier systems appears to be a suitable strategy to develop high-performance formulations. A high-energy method (Ultra-Turrax) was used to develop nanoemulsions containing up to 2 mg/mL KDP, 5% rosehip oil, and 7.

Biological activities and safety data of kojic acid and its derivatives: A review.

Kojic acid presents a variety of applications for human use, especially as a depigmenting agent. Its derivatives are also proposed in order to prevent chemical degradation, prevent adverse effects and improve efficacy. The aim of this study was to peer review the current scientific literature concerning the biological activities and safety data of kojic acid or its derivatives, aiming at human use and trying to elucidate the action mechanisms.

Evaluation of activity and toxicity of combining clioquinol with ciclopirox and terbinafine in alternative models of dermatophytosis.

Dermatophytosis is a superficial fungal infection that affects humans and is very common in small animals. The treatment using the most commonly used antifungals is failing, and new therapeutic alternatives are required to combat the resistance of these fungal infections. Previous studies by the group have shown that clioquinol is an important therapeutic alternative in the treatment of dermatophytosis.

potential of a quinoline-derivative nail lacquer as a new alternative for dermatophytic onychomycosis treatment.

Onychomycosis infections currently show a significant increase, affecting about 10 % of the world population. is the main agent responsible for about 80 % of the reported infections. The clinical cure for onychomycosis is extremely difficult and effective new antifungal therapy is needed.

Monoolein-based nanoparticles containing indinavir: a taste-masked drug delivery system.

Objective: This study developed a novel child-friendly drug delivery system for pediatric HIV treatment: a liquid, taste-masked, and solvent-free monoolein-based nanoparticles formulation containing indinavir (0.1%).

Significance: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy by pediatric patients is difficult because of the lack of dosage forms adequate for children.

The use of electronic tongue and sensory panel on taste evaluation of pediatric medicines: a systematic review.

The palatability of medications is an essential factor for children's adherence to drug treatment. Several methods for drug taste assessment have been developed. The aim of this review is to explore the literature reports of the main methods for the evaluation of medicines taste, named electronic tongue (e-tongue, ) and human sensory panel.

Taste-masked nanoparticles containing Saquinavir for pediatric oral administration.

This research has aimed to improve the stability and taste-masking properties by developing nanostructured dosage forms containing Saquinavir. Liquid formulations were developed using Eudragit RS100® and Pullulan as polymers. The physicochemical characteristics, stability, in vitro drug release, morphology, mucoadhesion and taste masking capacity were evaluated.

Omeprazole nanoparticles suspension: Development of a stable liquid formulation with a view to pediatric administration.

Omeprazole (OME) is often used to treat disorders associated with gastric hypersecretion in children but a liquid pediatric formulation of this medicine is not currently available. The aim of this study is to develop OME loaded nanoparticles with a view to the obtention of a liquid pharmaceutical dosage form. Eudragit® RS100 was selected as the skeleton material in the inner core and pH-sensitive Eudragit® L100-55 was used as the outer coating of the nanoparticles prepared by the nanoprecipitation method.

Improved sensory properties of a nanostructured ritonavir suspension with a pediatric administration perspective.

The pediatric adherence to antiretroviral therapy is critical to therapeutic success. Ritonavir, a protease inhibitor drug, is commercially available as an oral solution containing a high amount of ethanol and propylene glycol, contraindicated in children younger than 4 years. Moreover, this medicine presents a bitter taste, which is limiting for the adherence to treatment.

Simultaneous nanoencapsulation of lipoic acid and resveratrol with improved antioxidant properties for the skin.

Cutaneous aging is intimately related to redox imbalance, which is mainly caused by ultraviolet radiation exposure. The aim of the present investigation was to develop lipid-core nanocapsules for the co-nanoencapsulation of resveratrol and lipoic acid aiming to improve the chemical stability and photostability of the compounds, as well as their antioxidant properties. Lipid-core nanocapsules were developed and characterized according to their mean size, size distribution, zeta potential, pH value, drug content, encapsulation efficiency, release profile, stability under storage, photostability and skin permeation profile.

Rational selection of antifungal drugs to propose a new formulation strategy to control Candida biofilm formation on venous catheters.

Introduction: Infections associated with medical devices are often related to colonization by Candida spp. biofilm; in this way, numerous strategies have been developed and studied, mainly in order to prevent this type of fungal growth.

Aim: Considering the above, the main objective of the present study is to make a rational choice of the best antifungal therapy for the in vitro treatment of the biofilm on venous catheters, proposing an innovative formulation of a film-forming system to coat the surface in order to prevent the formation of biofilms.

Chloroacetamide derivatives as a promising topical treatment for fungal skin infections.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal potential of 11 chloroacetamide derivatives and derivative incorporated into a film-forming system (FFS) as a potential alternative for the topical treatment of superficial and skin mycoses. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) evaluation followed Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute protocols M27-A3 () and M28-A2 (dermatophytes). Compounds , and were the most effective against species (MIC range: 25-50 µg/mL) and dermatophytes (MIC range: 3.

Azelaic acid-loaded nanoemulsion with hyaluronic acid - a new strategy to treat hyperpigmentary skin disorders.

Objective: To develop an azelaic acid (AzA)-loaded nanoemulsion with hyaluronic acid (HA) as a double targeting strategy to increase drug retention and tyrosinase inhibition activity.

Significance: Dermic melasma is a recalcitrant disease. Therefore, the development of new technologies that allow a deeper penetration in the skin while enhancing the efficacy of a safe and well-known dermatological active, like AzA, is a very promising alternative to improve the treatment of this disease.

Lipid core nanoparticles as a broad strategy to reverse fluconazole resistance in multiple Candida species.

Fungal resistance is the major problem related to fluconazole treatments. This study aims to develop innovative lipid core nanocapsules and nanostructured lipid carriers containing fluconazole, to study in vitro antifungal activity and to assess the possibility of resistance reversion in Candida albicans, C. glabrata, C.

Circulating extracellular vesicles in the aging process: impact of aerobic exercise.

Our aim was to investigate transitory and delayed exercise effects on serum extracellular vesicles (EVs) in aging process. Male Wistar rats of 3-, 21-, and 26-month old were allocated into exercised and sedentary groups. The exercise protocol consisted in a daily moderate treadmill exercise (20 min daily during 2 weeks).

Rheological and physical parameters correlations in formulations with pinhão derivatives stability study: building up an analytical route.

This study focuses on the correlation investigation between rheological and physical parameters and how it can contribute to optimize the topical formulations development. A gel and an emulgel containing pinhão derivatives, and their respective controls, were analyzed along six months of storage. A flowchart of analyses was proposed to use in topical formulation development when a benchmark is the goal or when it is necessary to change some raw material.

Pinhão starch and coat extract as new natural cosmetic ingredients: Topical formulation stability and sensory analysis.

The objective of this study was to use pinhão derivatives, starch and coat extract, as new natural ingredients to develop cosmetic formulations. Two types of formulation, gel and emulgel, and their controls were developed. The formulations were characterized by stability studies using thermal stress.

Toxicity of fullerene and nanosilver nanomaterials against bacteria associated to the body surface of the estuarine worm Laeonereis acuta (Polychaeta, Nereididae).

This study analyzed the growth and biochemical responses of six bacterial colonies isolated from the mucus of the estuarine polychaeta Laeonereis acuta (Nereididae) after exposure to a water suspension of fullerene (nC60) and nanosilver (nAg) separately (0.01; 0.10; and 1.

Evaluation of lipoic acid topical application on rats skin wound healing.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of lipoic acid (thioctic acid) topical application on wound healing on rats skin, and the consequences of lipoic acid nanoencapsulation on this process.

Methods: The model used was the healing activity on wounds induced by surgical incision on rats skin (n = 44). The parameters analyzed (11 days) were wound healing rate and histology (vascular proliferation, polymorphonuclear or mononuclear cells, and collagen synthesis or reepithelialization), after application of free lipoic acid or lipoic acid- loaded nanocapsules.

Intraperitoneal exposure to nano/microparticles of fullerene (C₆₀) increases acetylcholinesterase activity and lipid peroxidation in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) brain.

Even though technologies involving nano/microparticles have great potential, it is crucial to determine possible toxicity of these technological products before extensive use. Fullerenes C60 are nanomaterials with unique physicochemical and biological properties that are important for the development of many technological applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the consequences of nonphotoexcited fullerene C60 exposure in brain acetylcholinesterase expression and activity, antioxidant responses, and oxidative damage using adult zebrafish as an animal model.

Toxicological effects induced by the nanomaterials fullerene and nanosilver in the polychaeta Laeonereis acuta (Nereididae) and in the bacteria communities living at their surface.

Fullerene (nC60) and nanosilver (nAg) are nanomaterials with bactericide properties. The increments in their use raise questions about their potential environmental impacts, including estuarine ones. The polychaete Laeonereis acuta (Nereididae) secretes mucus that is colonized by bacteria communities.

Modulation of antioxidant and detoxifying capacity in fish Cyprinus carpio (Cyprinidae) after treatment with nanocapsules containing lipoic acid.

Lipoic acid (LA) is a water- and lipid-soluble molecule with capacity to pass through cell membranes and with several antioxidant properties. Previous studies have shown that polymeric nanocapsules with LA favor the protection of this antioxidant, increasing their physical and chemical stability compared to formulations containing free LA. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of free LA and LA-nanocapsules on antioxidant enzymes, the concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) and a by-product of lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde), as well as the expression of gene coding for different forms of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in model fish.

[Evaluation of the quality of propranolol and enalapril tablets supplied in the public health system in a southern Brazilian city].

The acquisition of medication by the Brazilian public health service through bidding processes based on the lowest price criterion is a source of concern with respect to the quality of the products offered to the population. The scope of this work was to evaluate the quality of Enalapril 10 mg and Propranolol 40 mg tablets bought via the bidding process and supplied by the public health system in a city in the state of Santa Catarina, Brasil, over the course of a year. The visual aspect, weight variation, friability, drug content and dissolving time were analyzed.