Adolescents' perspectives on a novel digital treatment targeting eating disorders: a qualitative study.

Background: Eating disorders in adolescence are associated with high psychological distress, impaired function and high comorbidity. Despite the severity, eating disorders remain highly underdiagnosed and untreated. Digital technology provides promising opportunities for treatment, however studies focusing on digital treatments for adolescents with eating disorders are lacking.

Feasibility of a physical activity intervention for children and adolescents with anxiety and depression.

Background: Physical activity is identified as a key modifiable factor towards good short- and long-term mental health and has shown positive effects on anxiety and depression in children and adolescents. However, physical activity-based interventions are not a part of standard mental health care and evidence on the effect of such interventions is still lacking. A transdiagnostic, physical activity-based intervention was developed as a supplement to routine clinical care for youth in specialized child and adolescent mental health services.

An interdisciplinary intervention for children and adolescents with multiple referrals and complex health complaints: a feasibility study.

Background: Children and adolescents with complex health complaints are often referred to several different healthcare specialists for assessments and treatment. This may result in fragmented care, higher risks of medical errors, and sub-optimal health outcomes. The aim of this non-controlled open label trial was to evaluate the feasibility of implementing a new interdisciplinary intervention for children and adolescents with multiple referrals and complex health complaints and to gather experiences from participating children, adolescents and parents.

Case report: ADHD and prognosis in tyrosinemia type 1.

Neurometabolic disorders such as tyrosinemia type 1 (TYRSN1) may interfere with brain metabolism and show symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in patients treated with the enzyme inhibitor nitisinone [2-(2-nitro-4-trifluoromethylbenzoyl)-1,3-cyclohexanedione, NTBC]. It has been reported that ADHD treatment improves treatment compliance, which is imperative for the long-term prognosis of patients with TYRSN1. In this study, we report the case of a male patient who was diagnosed with TYRSN1 at 3 months of age and was subsequently treated with NTBC, restricted protein intake, and amino acids supplementation.

Polyphonic perspectives: a focus group study of interprofessional staff's perceptions of music therapy at an inpatient unit for children in mental health care.

Purpose: In an inpatient unit for children in mental health care, a variety of services are provided through interprofessional collaborations. Music therapy is a relatively recent proposition in this context, but there is increasing acceptance for music therapy as a therapeutic method. However, there is limited knowledge about music therapy in this field, and this study aims to address this research gap.

Mental Health in Pre-Adolescents with Cerebral Palsy: Exploring the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire as a Screening Tool in a Follow-Up Study including Multi-Informants.

There is a high prevalence of mental health problems in children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). Still, knowledge regarding the trajectory of mental health problems throughout childhood and differences according to informants is lacking. There is also a need for more knowledge regarding the validity of mental health screening tools.

Substance-Related Problems in Adolescents with ADHD-Diagnoses: The Importance of Self-Reported Conduct Problems.

Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a known risk factor for substance-related problems (SRP) during adolescence, but the nature of this relationship and the importance of co-occurring conduct problems are not fully understood.

Methods: Data stem from a linked dataset between a large population-based survey conducted in 2012 of Norwegian adolescents aged 16 to 19, and registry-based data from specialized child and adolescent mental health services ( = 9,411).

Results: Adolescents with "ADHD + high conduct problems" had increased risk of SRP (odds ratios = 2.

Views of young people with psychosis on using virtual reality assisted therapy. A qualitative study.

Aim: Service disengagement is a challenge in young individuals struggling with psychosis. Combining cognitive behavioural therapy for psychosis (CBTp) with virtual reality (VR) has proven acceptable and potentially effective for symptoms and social functioning in adults with psychosis. However, studies focusing on young adolescents are lacking.

The Nurse Role in the Management of ADHD in Children and Adolescent: A Literature Review.

Objective: To review literature regarding existing and recommended roles for nurses in the management of children with ADHD.

Methods: MEDLINE and CINAHL were searched from 2010 to the end of 2019 with the following keywords: ADHD, nurse, child, and inclusion criteria published in an English journal.

Results: Forty-three records were found.

Development and feasibility testing of a physical activity intervention for youth with anxiety and depression: a study protocol.

Background: Anxiety and depressive disorders in children and adolescents are highly prevalent and account for more than half of all youth psychiatric disorders. Left untreated, anxiety, and depression lead to numerous detrimental outcomes, including reduced quality of life, psychiatric, and somatic comorbidity and even reduced lifespan. This puts a large strain on child and adolescent mental healthcare services (CAMHS) to provide effective treatments.

Illness perception in children with cerebral palsy, a longitudinal cohort study.

Background: The perception of a disorder could be of importance both in problem solving behaviors, and in the emotional approach towards a disorder.

Aims: In this paper, we wanted to assess changes in illness perception in children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) over a four-year interval, to compare parental and self-ratings, and to assess illness perceptions according to co-occurring medical and psychiatric disorders.

Methods: Parents in a cohort of children with CP (N = 36), filled in the Illness Perception Questionnaire at age seven and again at age eleven, and self-reports were gathered at age eleven.

Mental health and health related quality of life in mitochondrial POLG disease.

We aimed to assess the impact of POLG disease on mental health and quality of life in 15 patients using the Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R) and Short-Form 36 Health Survey (RAND-36). We found increased scores in all nine subscales of SCL-90-R, particularly phobic anxiety, depression and somatization. Further, patients reported considerably lower scores in all RAND-36 domains.

Trajectories of psychiatric disorders in a cohort of children with cerebral palsy across four years.

Background: Risk of psychiatric disorders has been reported for children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP) at different ages, however little is known regarding the long-term trajectories of these disorders.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the trajectories of psychiatric disorders in children with CP, and to explore their association to risk factors.

Methods: We assessed a cohort of children with CP at age seven and again at age eleven with a child psychiatric diagnostic instrument, and parents were informants.

How can we improve specialist health services for children with multi-referrals? Parent reported experience.

Background: Children with combined mental and somatic conditions pose a challenge to specialized health services. These cases are often characterized by multi-referrals, frequent use of health services, poor clinical and cost effectiveness, and a lack of coordination and consistency in the care. Reorganizing the health services offered to these children seems warranted.

Sleep problems, behavioural problems and respiratory health in children born extremely preterm: a parental questionnaire study.

Objective: To explore whether children born extremely preterm (EPT) with different types of sleep problems had more behavioural and respiratory health problems than EPT children without sleep problems.

Design: Prospective, nationwide, questionnaire-based study. At 11 years of age, parents reported on four current sleep problems: difficulty falling asleep or frequent awakenings, snoring, daytime sleepiness and not recommended sleep duration (<9 hours).

Development and predictors of childhood mental health problems in former extremely preterm infants.

Objective: To investigate development and predictors of mental health problems from five to eleven years of age in children born extremely preterm (EP).

Method: In a national Norwegian cohort of children born before a gestational age of 28 weeks or with a birthweight <1000 g mental health was assessed by parents at five and eleven years of age using The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. A Total Difficulties Score ≥ 90th percentile (TDS90) for a reference group was used as a measure of a mental health problem.

Symptoms Associated With Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorders in School-Aged Children Prenatally Exposed to Substances.

Prenatal exposure to substances may influence a child's neurodevelopment and impact on subsequent mental health. In a hospital-based population of school-aged children prenatally exposed to opiates and a number of illicit substances (n = 57), we evaluated mental health symptoms associated with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) using the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Questionnaire, revision IV (SNAP-IV) and the Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ) and compared the scores to a reference group which comprised children from the population-based Bergen Child Study (n = 171). Prenatally exposed children had significantly higher SNAP-IV scores associated with ADHD symptoms in both areas of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity and also reported a higher ASSQ score related to an increased number of symptoms associated with ASD, compared with the reference group.

Mental Health in School-Aged Children Prenatally Exposed to Alcohol and Other Substances.

Prenatal exposure to substances can possibly influence a child's neurodevelopment and may impact on subsequent mental health. We investigated the mental health status of school-aged children referred to a pediatric hospital with a history of prenatal exposure to alcohol or other substances. Mental health was assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and compared with a reference group.

Exclusive breastfeeding promotion and neuropsychological outcomes in 5-8 year old children from Uganda and Burkina Faso: Results from the PROMISE EBF cluster randomized trial.

Background: The beneficial effects from exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) have been widely acknowledged. We assessed the effect of exclusive breastfeeding promotion by peer counsellors in Uganda and Burkina Faso, on cognitive abilities, social emotional development, school performance and linear growth among 5-8 years old children.

Methods: Children in the PROMISE EBF trial (2006-2008) were re-enrolled in the follow-up PROMISE Saving Brains (SB) study (2013-2015).

Children born extremely preterm had different sleeping habits at 11 years of age and more childhood sleep problems than term-born children.

Aim: This study explored whether extremely preterm (EPT) children had different sleep characteristics in childhood than children born at term and how neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDD) affected sleep in children born EPT.

Methods: A Norwegian national cohort of 231 children born EPT from 1999 to 2000 and separate study data on 556 children born at term in 2001 were compared. Parental questionnaires mapped the children's current sleep habits at 11 years of age, namely the prevalence of sleep problems throughout childhood until this age and five categories of sleep problems.

Mental health at 5 years among children born extremely preterm: a national population-based study.

The objective of this study was to compare mental health at 5 years in children born extremely preterm with a reference group, and assess associations between functional abilities and mental health within the preterm group. In a national Norwegian cohort with gestational age 22-27 weeks or birthweight 500-999 g, mental health was assessed with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), cognitive function with the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-Revised (WPPSI-R), motor function with the Movement Assessment Battery for children (ABC-test) and severity of cerebral palsy (CP) with the Gross Motor Function Classification for CP (GMFCS). Neurodevelopmental disabilities (NDD) were described as mild and moderate/severe.

Prediction of outcome at 5 years from assessments at 2 years among extremely preterm children: a Norwegian national cohort study.

Aim: To examine the predictive value of early assessments on developmental outcome at 5 years in children born extremely preterm.

Methods: This is a prospective observational study of all infants born in Norway in 1999-2000 with gestational age (GA) <28 weeks or birth weight (BW) <1000 g. At 2 years of age, paediatricians assessed mental and motor development from milestones.

Prediction of neurodevelopmental and sensory outcome at 5 years in Norwegian children born extremely preterm.

Objective: To examine the prevalence of neurodevelopmental disability and the predictive value of pre-, peri-, and postnatal data on neurologic, sensory, cognitive, and motor function in children born extremely preterm.

Methods: This was a prospective observational study of all infants born in Norway between 1999 and 2000 with gestational ages between 22 and 27 weeks or birth weights between 500 and 999 g. Cognitive function was assessed with the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-Revised, motor function with the Movement Assessment Battery for Children, and severity of cerebral palsy with the Gross Motor Function Classification for Cerebral Palsy.

Low birth weight young adults: quality of life, academic achievements and social functioning.

Aim: To compare the quality of life (QOL), academic achievements and social functioning of 134 non-handicapped low birth weight (LBW, birth weight < 2000 g) and 135 normal birth weight (NBW, birth weight > 3000 g) young adults.

Study Design: Population-based longitudinal follow-up study.

Methods: The Norwegian version of the originally US child health questionnaire, child form 87 (CHQ-CF87), a generic health instrument was applied to measure different physical and psychosocial concepts of QOL.

Cerebral MRI and cognition in nonhandicapped, low birth weight adults.

This study sought to compare cognitive and cerebral findings of magnetic resonance imaging in young adults with low birth weights and in a control group. One hundred thirteen of 173 (65%) eligible adults with birth weights <2000 g, and 100 of 170 (59%) controls, all without major disabilities, were examined at age 19 years. Cerebral 3.