Antimicrobial Resistance Profile, Whole-Genome Sequencing and Core Genome Multilocus Sequence Typing of Isolates in Croatia from 2001 to 2022.

, the causative agent of anthrax disease, is a worldwide threat to livestock, wildlife and public health. It is also considered one of the most important pathogens of bioterrorism. Rapid and reliable diagnosis and administration of antimicrobials are essential for effective anthrax treatment.

Isolation of Multidrug-Resistant Subsp. from a Wild Eurasian Otter (Lutra Lutra).

subsp. is pathogenic mainly to birds, although cases of mycobacteriosis caused by these bacteria have also been reported in other animals and humans. Not much is known about the effects of this pathogen on otters.

Mycobacteriosis in a Pet Ferret () Caused by : A Case Report on Neglected Risk of Zoonotic Transmission.

Ferrets are highly susceptible to a wide range of mycobacteria, mainly , , and . Therefore, ferrets pose a risk of transmission of mycobacteriosis, especially zoonotically relevant tuberculosis. The aim of this study was to describe the findings of mycobacteriosis in a pet ferret and emphasize its zoonotic potential.

Epidemiology of Bartonella henselae infection in pet and stray cats in Croatia with risk factors analysis.

Background: Cats are the primary reservoirs of the bacterium Bartonella henselae, the main cause of cat-scratch disease in humans. The main vector of the bacterium is the cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis. In southeastern Europe, data are lacking on the prevalence of B.

Description of sp. nov., isolated from a noble pen shell () population in Croatia.

Introduction: Shortly before the mass mortality event of the noble pen shell () population in the south-eastern Adriatic coast, two rapidly growing strains CVI_P3 (DSM 114013 T, ATCC TSD-295 T) and CVI_P4 were obtained from the organs of individual mollusks during the regular health status monitoring.

Methods: The strains were identified as members of the genus using basic phenotypic characteristics, genus-specific PCR assays targeting the and 16S rRNA genes and the commercial hybridization kit GenoType Mycobacterium CM (Hain Lifescience, Germany). MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry did not provide reliable identification using the Bruker Biotyper Database.

Antimicrobial Resistance in Rapidly Growing Nontuberculous Mycobacteria among Domestic and Wild Animals Emphasizing the Zoonotic Potential.

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are opportunistic pathogens capable of causing infections in humans and animals. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the potential role of domestic and wild animals as a reservoir of multiple resistant, rapidly growing NTM strains representing a potential zoonotic threat to humans. A total of 87 animal isolates belonging to 11 rapidly growing species (visible colonies appear within three to seven days) were genotyped and tested for susceptibility to the 15 most commonly used antibiotics in the treatment of such infections in a human clinic.

Risk of zoonoses involving slow-growing non-tuberculous mycobacteria: Survey of antimicrobial resistance among strains from domestic and wild animals.

Objectives: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria are opportunistic pathogens that cause disease mainly in immunocompromised hosts. The present study assessed the prevalence of antibiotic resistance among such mycobacteria from domestic and wild animals in Croatia sampled during several years within a national surveillance program.

Methods: A total of 44 isolates belonging to nine slow-growing species were genotyped and analyzed for susceptibility to 13 antimicrobials often used to treat non-tuberculous mycobacterial infections in humans.

Coxiella burnetii (Q-fever) outbreak associated with non-occupational exposure in a semi-urban area of western Croatia in 2022.

In March 2022, an outbreak of Q fever (Coxiella burnetii) with non-occupational exposure was confirmed in a semi-urban area in Čavle, Croatia. Veterinary and human epidemiological investigations were conducted to identify the source of the outbreak and to implement appropriate control measures. Three farms were settled next to each other near the homes of the first human cases at the end of the street.

Prevalence of Virulence Genes Among Strains Isolated from Food and Carcass Swabs of Different Animal Origins in Croatia.

Introduction: is present in the normal intestinal flora but some strains can cause intestinal and extraintestinal diseases, and research on its presence in food of animal origin is in the interests of public health. This study was designed to characterise strains according to their origin, their carriage of virulence genes specific for certain pathogroups, and phylogenetic group affiliation.

Material And Methods: The study was carried out on 100 strains isolated from food samples of various animal origin as well as pig and cattle carcass swabs.

New Brucella variant isolated from Croatian cattle.

Background: A novel Brucella strain closely related to Brucella (B.) melitensis biovar (bv) 3 was found in Croatian cattle during testing within a brucellosis eradication programme.

Case Presentation: Standardised serological, brucellin skin test, bacteriological and molecular diagnostic screening for Brucella infection led to positive detection in one dairy cattle herd.

Retrospective study of canine infectious haemolytic anaemia cases reveals the importance of molecular investigation in accurate postmortal diagnostic protocols.

Infectious haemolytic anaemia (IHA) in dogs share similar clinical signs including fever, lethargy, icterus, paleness of mucous membranes and splenomegaly. Postmortal findings are similar and, without additional diagnostic methods, an accurate aetiological diagnosis is difficult to achieve. In order to investigate causes of lethal IHA in Croatian dogs, we performed a retrospective study on archived formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks (FFPEB) from dogs that died due to haemolytic crisis, using microscopic and molecular diagnostic tools to determine the aetiological cause of disease.

First isolation and genotyping of Bartonella henselae from a cat living with a patient with cat scratch disease in Southeast Europe.

Background: The bacterial genus Bartonella is distributed worldwide and poses a public health risk. Cat-scratch disease caused by B. henselae in Croatia was first described in 1957.

Molecular epidemiology of Brucella melitensis strains causing outbreaks in Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The most recent data on the incidence of brucellosis in Southeast Europe prove the persistence of this zoonosis in the area, regardless of constant efforts at controlling it as one of the most dangerous zoonoses. Forty-three Brucella melitensis strains were collected from cattle, sheep, goats and humans from Croatia as well as Bosnia and Herzegovina between 2009 and 2015. The strains were identified and genotyped in order to determine their epidemiological background.

Whole-Genome Sequence of the First Sequence Type 27 Strain Isolated from European Waters.

spp. that cause marine brucellosis are becoming more important, as the disease appears to be more widespread than originally thought. Here, we report a whole and annotated genome sequence of CRO350, a sequence type 27 strain isolated from a bottlenose dolphin carcass found in the Croatian part of the northern Adriatic Sea.

Molecular detection of Anaplasma platys, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Wolbachia sp. but not Ehrlichia canis in Croatian dogs.

The bacteria Anaplasma platys, Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia canis are tick-borne agents that cause canine vector-borne disease. The prevalence of these pathogens in South Eastern Europe is unknown with the exception of an isolated case of A. platys detected in a dog imported into Germany from Croatia.

The prevalence and impact of Babesia canis and Theileria sp. in free-ranging grey wolf (Canis lupus) populations in Croatia.

Background: Babesia spp. and Theileria spp. are important emerging causes of disease in dogs.

Evidence of Brucella strain ST27 in bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) in Europe.

Marine mammal brucellosis has been known for more than 20 years, but recent work suggests it is more widespread than originally thought. Brucella (B.) pinnipedialis has been isolated from pinnipeds, while B.

Characterisation of Brucella suis isolates from Southeast Europe by multi-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis.

Porcine brucellosis is a common bacterial zoonosis which can cause significant financial losses. Its diverse and often complicated factors have hampered efforts to control disease spread. The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiological situation of porcine brucellosis primarily in Croatia and its relationship to genotypes present in other, mostly European countries.

Melitococcosis in the republic of croatia.

Background: Melitococcosis is one of the most widespread zoonoses worldwide. In the period from 2009 to 2013, comprehensive melitococcosis testing was conducted in the Republic of Croatia.

Methods And Results: During the testing, the Rose Bengal test was applied to 344019 blood samples of sheep and goats, and positive reactions were confirmed in 1143 (0.