Algae from Cr-containing infiltrate bioremediation for valorised chemical production - Seasonal availability, composition, and screening studies on hydrothermal conversion.

Integrating bioremediation of toxic wastewater with value-added production is increasing interest, but - due to some essential problems - it is hardly applied in industrial practice. The aim of the study was an annual observation of the taxonomic and biochemical composition of various Cr-resistant algal communities grown in the existing Cr-containing infiltrate treatment system, selection of the most suitable algal biomass for infiltrates bioremediation and chromium-loaded algae conversion under mild subcritical conditions. Considering continuous availability and relatively constant chemical composition, Cladophora sp.

Multifunctional Composite Materials Based on Anion Exchangers Modified with Copper Compounds-A Review of Their Synthesis Methods, Characteristics and Applications.

As copper and its compounds are of fundamental importance for the development of innovative materials, the synthesis of composites intended for water purification was undertaken in which submicron copper containing particles were dispersed within the matrix of a strongly basic anion exchanger, with a macroporous and gel-like structure. Due to their trimethylammonium functional groups, the host materials alone exhibited an affinity to anionic water contaminants and antimicrobial properties. The introduction of such particles as CuO, CuO, metallic Cu, CuO/FeO(OH), CuO, Cu(OH), Cu(OH)SO, Cu(OH)Cl increased these properties and demonstrated new properties.

Biocidal activity of multifunctional cuprite-doped anion exchanger - Influence of bacteria type and medium composition.

The study presents unconventional, bifunctional, heterogeneous antimicrobial agents - CuO-loaded anion exchangers. The synergetic effect of a cuprous oxide deposit and polymeric support with trimethyl ammonium groups was studied against the reference strains of Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. Biological testing (minimum bactericidal concentration, MBC), time- and dose-dependent bactericidal effect (under different conditions - medium composition and static/dynamic culture) demonstrated promising antimicrobial activity and confirmed its multimode character.

Photocatalytically-assisted oxidative adsorption of As(III) using sustainable multifunctional composite material - CuO doped anion exchanger.

The purpose of the presented study was to explore the photocatalytic activity of CuO-supported anion exchangers and to explain the mechanism of their action in water purification processes. The functionality of this type of material was studied in the process of As(III) removal from water. As a result of the reactivity of cuprous oxide and functional groups of the polymer, the obtained composite exhibited complex activity towards arsenic(III) species.

Copper Rich Composite Materials Based on Carboxylic Cation Exchangers and Their Thermal Transformation.

The effect of a cupric deposit (Cu, CuO) on the thermal decomposition of carboxylic cation exchangers (CCEs) is not known, and such studies may have practical significance. CCEs have a very high ion exchange capacity, so an exceptionally large amount of CuO (which is a catalyst) can be precipitated inside them. Two CCEs, macroreticular (Amberlite IRC50) and gel-like (Amberlite IRC86), served as a polymeric support to obtain copper-rich hybrid ion exchangers.

Size-Controlled Transformation of CuO into Zero Valent Copper within the Matrix of Anion Exchangers via Green Chemical Reduction.

Composite materials containing zero valent copper (ZVC) dispersed in the matrix of two commercially available strongly basic anion exchangers with a macroreticular (Amberlite IRA 900Cl) and gel-like (Amberlite IRA 402OH) structure were obtained. Cu particles appeared in the resin phase as the product of the reduction of the precursor, i.e.

Cu(II)-Fe(III) oxide doped anion exchangers - Multifunctional composites for arsenite removal from water via As(III) adsorption and oxidation.

The aim of the present study was to investigate As(III) oxidation and adsorption on the surface of hybrid anion exchangers containing Cu(II)-Fe(III) binary oxide deposited in their porous structure with the same Cu:Fe ratio of 1:2 but with different amounts and distribution of inorganic deposit within polymeric beads. The equilibrium studies confirmed high adsorption capacity of the best hybrid polymer: 94.4 mg As/g.

Evaluation of hybrid anion exchanger containing cupric oxide for As(III) removal from water.

The aim of this study was investigate of arsenite adsorption on a hybrid polymer based on a polystyrene/divinylbenzene macroporous anion exchanger containing cupric oxide deposited within its porous structure. The study included batch kinetic and equilibrium experiments, and investigation of influence of the pH, regeneration of spent adsorbent and the column process on arsenic(III) adsorption. The experimental data were evaluated using kinetic, isotherm and fixed-bed column models.

Alginate beads containing water treatment residuals for arsenic removal from water-formation and adsorption studies.

Water treatment residuals (WTRs) produced in large quantities during deironing and demanganization of infiltration water, due to high content of iron and manganese oxides, exhibit excellent sorptive properties toward arsenate and arsenite. Nonetheless, since they consist of microparticles, their practical use as an adsorbent is limited by difficulties with separation from treated solutions. The aim of this study was entrapment of chemically pretreated WTR into calcium alginate polymer and examination of sorptive properties of the obtained composite sorbent toward As(III) and As(V).

Synthesis and characterization of hybrid materials containing iron oxide for removal of sulfides from water.

Hybrid materials containing iron oxides based on macroporous and gel-type sulfonic and carboxylic cation exchangers as supporting materials were obtained. Multiple factors, including the kind of functional groups, ion exchange capacity, and polymer matrix type (chemical constitution and porous structure), affected the amount of iron oxides introduced into their matrix (7.8-35.

Iron and aluminium oxides containing industrial wastes as adsorbents of heavy metals: Application possibilities and limitations.

Industrial wastes with a high iron or aluminium oxide content are produced in huge quantities as by-products of water treatment (water treatment residuals), bauxite processing (red mud) and hard and brown coal burning in power plants (fly ash). Although they vary in their composition, the wastes have one thing in common--a high content of amorphous iron and/or aluminium oxides with a large specific surface area, whereby this group of wastes shows very good adsorbability towards heavy metals, arsenates, selenates, etc. But their physical form makes their utilisation quite difficult, since it is not easy to separate the spent sorbent from the solution and high bed hydraulic resistances occur in dynamic regime processes.