Iranian midwives' experiences of using the World Health Organization's Safe Childbirth Checklist: A qualitative research.

Background: The goal of natural childbirth care is to have a healthy mother and baby with minimal interventions that are contrary to health. Worldwide, there is concern that non-evidence-based interventions and care in labor and childbirth will remain standard practice. Therefore, access to care related to pregnancy and childbirth is considered a priority.

Investigate mothers' perceptions and experiences of natural childbirth and quality of care in childbirth management based on Safe Childbirth Checklist: A qualitative study.

Background: The Safe Childbirth Checklist (SCC) was designed in an effort to support health workers to perform essential tasks and improve the quality of care (QoC) for mothers and babies during childbirth. Given the fact that human experiences in any society can be influenced by cultural, economic, and social differences. Therefore, the present qualitative study aimed to investigate mothers' perceptions and experiences of natural childbirth and QoC in childbirth management based on SCC.

Remdesivir in solid organ transplant recipients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The use of remdesivir in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been studied. The present systematic review and analysis aimed to assess its effectiveness in this population.

Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, medRxiv, and Google Scholar was conducted to identify relevant articles published up to April 2024.

Intrahospital Mortality Rate after the Implementation of the Second Phase of the Health Sector Reform in Comparison with Before that in Iran.

Background: The second phase of the health sector reform, called the Health Sector Evolution Plan (HSEP), has been implemented in Iran since 2014, aims to improve the equity and quality of health services. In the present study, we aimed to measure the trend of hospitalization and the crude intrahospital mortality rate from 1 year before the HSEP implementation (2013) to 5 years after the HSEP implementation (2018) in public hospitals compared with profit, nonprofit, and charity hospitals, which are affiliated with the Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (MUI).

Methods: In a prospective, cross-sectional study, the data related to the frequency of hospitalized patients and intrahospital mortality during the time of hospitalization were collected through census sampling from 39 public hospitals as the hospitals and 20 profit, nonprofit, and charity hospitals as the hospitals.

Experimental insights into the stability of graphene oxide nanosheet and polymer hybrid coupled by ANOVA statistical analysis.

The synergistic potential of using graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets and hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) as GO enhanced polymer hybrid (GOeP) for enhancing oil recovery (EOR) purposes has drawn attention. However, the hybridization method and stability of GOeP have not been comprehensively studied. To cover this gap, the current study evaluates the stability of GOeP under different conditions, including temperatures such as 60 and 80 °C, high and low salinities, and the presence of Mg ions (6430 and 643 ppm).

Tixagevimab/cilgavimab prophylaxis against COVID-19 in solid organ transplant recipients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Tixagevimab/cilgavimab (Tix/Cil) shows promise as a prophylactic treatment against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs). This study was performed to assess the effectiveness of Tix/Cil for preexposure prophylaxis against COVID-19 in this population.

Methods: We systematically searched the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase databases to identify articles relevant to our study up to December 15, 2023.

The effect of a midwifery continuity of care program on clinical competence of midwifery students and delivery outcomes: a mixed-methods protocol.

Background: The midwifery continuity of care model is one of the care models that have not been evaluated well in some countries including Iran. We aimed to assess the effect of a program based on this model on the clinical competence of midwifery students and delivery outcomes in Ahvaz, Iran.

Methods: This sequential embedded mixed-methods study will include a quantitative and a qualitative phase.

Executive dysfunction and cognitive decline, a non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease captured in animal models.

The non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) have gained increasing attention in recent years due to their significant impact on patients' quality of life. Among these non-motor symptoms, cognitive dysfunction has emerged as an area of particular interest where the clinical aspects are covered in Chapter 2 of this volume. This chapter explores the rationale for investigating the underlying neurobiology of cognitive dysfunction by utilising translational animal models of PD, from rodents to non-human primates.

Midwives' experience of respectful maternity care (RMC) globally: A meta-synthesis.

Background: Respectful maternity care (RMC) emphasizes the social and relational elements of maternity care and is a crucial part of initiatives to improve service accessibility and quality. Women's perceptions have influenced much of what we know about RMC and contempt in the labor ward. In order to understand midwives' perspectives of RMC, this meta-synthesis focused on them.

The Effect of Group Prenatal Care on the Empowerment of Pregnant Adolescents: Randomised controlled trial.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of group prenatal care (GPNC) on the empowerment of pregnant adolescents.

Methods: In this trial, 294 pregnant adolescents (aged 15-19 years) were randomly assigned into the GPNC (n = 147) and individual prenatal care (IPNC; n = 147) groups, where they received 5 sessions of GPNC (90-120 min) and IPNC, respectively, between the 16 and 40 weeks of pregnancy. The empowerment of participants in the two groups was measured using the Empowerment Scale for Pregnant Women.

Measurement of Isfahan heavy water zero-power reactor kinetic parameters using advanced pulsed neutron source method in a near critical state.

The pulsed neutron source (PNS) technique was used to determine the prompt neutron decay constant for two different lattice pitches in the HWZPR heavy water zero power reactor. The results were compared to the variance-to-mean ratio (VTM) method. The neutron mean generation time was also calculated for both pitches, and the results were compared to previous Monte Carlo calculations.

Genomic profiling and pre-clinical modelling of breast cancer leptomeningeal metastasis reveals acquisition of a lobular-like phenotype.

Breast cancer leptomeningeal metastasis (BCLM), where tumour cells grow along the lining of the brain and spinal cord, is a devastating development for patients. Investigating this metastatic site is hampered by difficulty in accessing tumour material. Here, we utilise cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and CSF disseminated tumour cells (DTCs) to explore the clonal evolution of BCLM and heterogeneity between leptomeningeal and extracranial metastatic sites.

Prioritizing the Psychosocial Support Needs of Mothers with Gestational Diabetes: A Delphi Study.

Background: Gestational diabetes is the most common medical complication in pregnancy, and the psychosocial health of women suffering from this condition affects their adherence to treatment and self-efficacy. However, since it is not possible to design interventions dealing with all of these needs, the aim of this study was to prioritize the psychosocial supportive needs of women with gestational diabetes.

Materials And Methods: This was a modified Delphi design study involving 22 experts who were selected using purposive and snowball sampling methods.

Targeting Transcriptional Regulation with a CDK9 Inhibitor Suppresses Growth of Endocrine- and Palbociclib-Resistant ER+ Breast Cancers.

Unlabelled: The combination of endocrine therapy and CDK4/6 inhibitors such as palbociclib is an effective and well-tolerated treatment for estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer, yet many patients relapse with therapy-resistant disease. Determining the mechanisms underlying endocrine therapy resistance is limited by the lack of ability to fully recapitulate inter- and intratumor heterogeneity in vitro and of availability of tumor samples from women with disease progression or relapse. In this study, multiple cell line models of resistant disease were used for both two-dimensional (2D)- and three-dimensional (3D)-based inhibitor screening.

Neonatal Surgical Procedures in the Intensive Care Unit versus the Operating Room.

With advancements in neonatal care, the survival rates of preterm infants have increased, leading to a higher incidence of comorbidities and need for surgical interventions. Neonatologists, pediatric anesthesiologists, and pediatric surgeons are thus increasingly confronted with the decision of whether to perform surgical procedures on critically ill neonates and preterm infants in the operating room (OR) or the NICU. Although certain bedside procedures have been commonly described in the literature, a paucity of research exists regarding ideal patient selection and anesthetic management.

Effect of Tele-Medicine on Health Anxiety and Pregnancy-Related Anxiety in Pregnant Women during the COVID-19 Epidemic in Iran.

Background: The global spread of the new coronavirus has increased the necessity of innovations to increase the quality of health care. This study was intended to examine the impact of tele-medicine on health anxiety and pregnancy-related anxiety in pregnant women during the COVID-19 epidemic in Iran.

Materials And Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed between March and May 2020.

Evaluation of the Role of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and CD8 Cytotoxic Lymphocytes in the Survival of Patients with Breast Cancer.

This study aimed to evaluate the significance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) and the number of CD8+ T cells in breast cancer and their relationship with the other clinicopathological factors, and overall survival (OS) was investigated. The studied samples were breast cancer patients (2005-2017) referring to the medical oncology departments for treatment. Pathologic samples of breast cancer patients were evaluated in terms of TIL and positive immunohistochemical staining for CD8 cytotoxic cells.

Development of a modified physiological birth programme integrated into Iran's health system and its effect on maternal and neonatal outcomes: an embedded mixed-methods study protocol.

Introduction: As recommended by the WHO, promotion of physiological birth is a main strategy to reduce the rate of caesarean section and achieve Sustainable Development Goals. A modified version of the physiological birth programme that may be included into the Iranian healthcare system was developed as a result of this mixed-methods research.

Methods And Analysis: This embedded mixed-methods study had a qualitative phase that was conducted before a clinical trial.

The Impact of Maternal Position in Labor on Occiput-Posterior Position of Fetus and Pregnancy Outcomes in Pregnant Women Without Epidural Analgesia.

Objective: Fetal occiput posterior (OP) position is associated with more maternal and neonatal complications. This study aimed to investigate the effect of maternal position during labor on fetal OP position and pregnancy outcomes.

Materials And Methods: This randomized clinical trial study included 180 primigravida women in labor with a single fetus and approved OP position.

Investigating the effect of Swedish massage with chamomile oil on labor pain and anxiety of primiparous women: A clinical trial.

Background: Labor pain and fear of childbirth increase anxiety and stress in pregnant women. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of Swedish massage with chamomile oil on pain and anxiety in a clinical trial.

Materials And Methods: The present study is a clinical trial on 159 women who were referred to 22 Bahman Hospital in Masjid Sulaiman City in 2021.

Experiences of health providers regarding implementation of the physiologic birth program in Iran: A qualitative content analysis.

Introduction: The rate of cesarean section is on the rise in both developed and developing countries, and Iran is no exception. According to the WHO, physiologic labor is one of the main strategies for reducing cesarean section and improving the health of mothers and newborns. The aim of this qualitative study was to explain the experiences of health providers regarding implementation of the physiologic birth program in Iran.

Light to moderate long-term grazing enhances ecosystem carbon across a broad climatic gradient in northern temperate grasslands.

Grasslands are globally abundant and provide many ecosystem services, including carbon (C) storage. While grasslands are widely subject to livestock grazing, the influence of grazing on grassland ecosystem C remains unclear. We studied the effect of long-term livestock grazing on C densities of different ecosystem components in 110 northern temperate grasslands across a broad agroclimatic gradient in Alberta, Canada.

Women's experiences with implementation of the physiologic birth program in Iran: a qualitative content analysis study.

Introduction: Increased rate of caesarean section (CS) without medical indication is a global concern. According to the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO), the physiologic birth program is one of the strategies for reducing the rate of unnecessary caesarean sections. The aim of this study is to explain women's experiences with the implementation of the physiologic birth program in Iran.

The effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on sexual function in reproductive aged women with hypothyroidism: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: Hypothyroidism is the most common clinical disorder of the thyroid gland which is associated with an increased prevalence of sexual dysfunction even if treated with medication.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) on sexual function in reproductive-aged women with hypothyroidism.

Materials And Methods: This randomized clinical trial was performed on 66 reproductive-aged women with hypothyroidism referring to selected health centers in Izeh, Iran.

Continuous non-locking vs. interrupted suturing techniques for the repair of episiotomy or second-degree perineal tears: A single-blind randomized controlled trial.

Objective: Perineal trauma is a serious and frequent problem after childbirth which is experienced by millions of women worldwide. The technique used for perineal repair may have an impact on pain and wound healing. The aim of the present study was to compare the continuous non-locking technique with interrupted suturing for the repair of episiotomy or second-degree perineal tears.