Electrochemical Biosensors 3D Printed by Fused Deposition Modeling: Actualities, Trends, and Challenges.

The technology of 3D printing, particularly fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing, has revolutionized the development of electrochemical biosensors, offering a versatile and cost-effective approach for clinical applications. This review explores the integration of FDM in fabricating biosensing platforms tailored for clinical diagnostics, emphasizing its role in detecting various biomarkers and viral pathogens. Advances in 3D printing materials, especially the emergence of bespoke conductive filaments, have allowed the production of highly customizable and efficient biosensors.

Electrochemical Reduction of CO at Coinage Metal Nanodendrites in Aqueous Ethanolamine.

Electrocatalytic reduction of CO into usable chemicals is a promising path to address climate change and energy challenges. Herein, we demonstrate the synthesis of unique coinage metal (Cu, Ag, and Au) nanodendrites (NDs) via a facile galvanic replacement reaction (GRR), which can be effective electrocatalysts for the reduction of CO in an ethanolamine (EA) solution. Each metal ND surface was directly grown on glassy-carbon (GC) substrates from a mixture of Zn dust and the respective precursor solution.

Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Streams of the Bacanga and Cachorros Watersheds in São Luís, Brazil.

Impacts on urban water resources are invariably caused by the development of urban centers and the occupation of the watershed. The release of untreated effluents and urban runoff are sources of metals in adjacent water bodies. It is therefore important to conduct studies on the occurrence of these trace elements in the environment and the risks posed to human health.

Fast quantification of α-lipoic acid in biological samples and dietary supplements using batch injection analysis with amperometric detection.

Batch injection analysis (BIA) with amperometric detection, using a pyrolytic graphite electrode modified with cobalt phthalocyanine (PG/CoPc), was employed for determination of α-lipoic acid (ALA) in pharmaceutical product and in synthetic urine samples. The proposed BIA method is based on the application of a potential of +0.9V vs.

Fast simultaneous determination of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole by capillary zone electrophoresis with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection.

The association of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole is a very effective with antibiotic properties, and commonly used in the treatment of a variety of infections. Due to the importance in diseases treatment of humans and also of animals, the development of methods for their quantification in commercial formulations is highly desirable. In the present study, a rapid method for simultaneous determination of these compounds using CE with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection was developed.

Quantification of N-acetylcysteine in pharmaceuticals using cobalt phthalocyanine modified graphite electrodes.

Flow injection analysis (FIA) with amperometric detection was employed for the quantification of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in pharmaceutical formulations, utilizing an ordinary pyrolytic graphite (OPG) electrode modified with cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc). Cyclic voltammetry was used in preliminary studies to establish the best conditions for NAC analysis. In FIA-amperometric experiments the OPG-CoPc electrode exhibited sharp and reproducible current peaks over a wide linear working range (5.

FIA-potentiometry in the sub-Nernstian response region for rapid and direct chloride assays in milk and in coconut water.

A simple and reliable FIA-potentiometric system for rapid assays of chloride in certain food samples is described and evaluated. The system is constituted by an aquarium air pump to propel the carrier solution, a manually operated injector, a homemade dialysis flow cell, a solid-state chloride detector (Ag/AgCl), a reference electrode and a multimeter connected to a microcomputer for data acquisition. The dialysis unit enables direct analysis of liquid food samples without any other previous treatment.