Modeling Sexual Differences of Body Size Variation in Ground Beetles in Geographical Gradients: A Case Study of (Illiger, 1798) (Coleoptera, Carabidae).

The aim of this study was to test the steepness of body size variation in males and females in the widespread ground beetle in geographical gradients. Beetles were sampled in 15 regions of Europe and Asia, and sampling territories differed 17° in latitude and 121° in longitude. We measured six linear traits in every captured beetle and formed a data set that included 2154 individuals.