Effects of Keemun and Dianhong Black Tea in Alleviating Excess Lipid Accumulation in the Liver of Obese Mice: A Comparative Study.

The chemical compositions of black teas differ greatly and may have different health benefits; however, systematic investigations into such benefits are lacking. Here, the chemical profiles of Keemun black tea (KBT) and Dianhong black tea (DBT), two common categories of tea in China, were analyzed, and their lipid-lowering effects in male C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet (60% energy from fat) or the diet supplemented with 2% black tea powder for 15 weeks were investigated. The compounds most crucial in differentiating KBT and DBT were determined to be phenolic compounds, theanine, and D-psicose.

A myeloperoxidase precursor, pro-myeloperoxidase, is present in human plasma and elevated in cardiovascular disease patients.

Myeloperoxidase (MPO)-derived oxidants have emerged as a key contributor to tissue damage in inflammatory conditions such as cardiovascular disease. Pro-myeloperoxidase (pro-MPO), an enzymatically active precursor of myeloperoxidase (MPO), is known to be secreted from cultured bone marrow and promyelocytic leukemia cells, but evidence for the presence of pro-MPO in circulation is lacking. In the present study, we used a LC-MS/MS in addition to immunoblot analyses to show that pro-MPO is present in human blood plasma.

Oxidized glutathione and uric acid as biomarkers of early cystic fibrosis lung disease.

Background: In cystic fibrosis (CF) there is an urgent need for earlier diagnosis of pulmonary infections and inflammation using blood- and urine-based biomarkers.

Methods: Using mass spectrometry, oxidation products of glutathione and uric acid were measured in matched samples of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), serum and urine from 36 infants and children with CF, and related to markers of neutrophilic inflammation and infection in BAL.

Results: Oxidation products of glutathione (glutathione sulfonamide, GSA) and uric acid (allantoin), were elevated in BAL of children with pulmonary infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PsA) compared to those without (p<0.

Uric acid and thiocyanate as competing substrates of lactoperoxidase.

The physiological function of urate is poorly understood. It may act as a danger signal, an antioxidant, or a substrate for heme peroxidases. Whether it reacts sufficiently rapidly with lactoperoxidase (LPO) to act as a physiological substrate remains unknown.

Myeloperoxidase and oxidation of uric acid in gout: implications for the clinical consequences of hyperuricaemia.

Objectives: The aims of this study were to establish whether, in patients with gout, MPO is released from neutrophils and urate is oxidized to allantoin and if these effects are attenuated by allopurinol.

Methods: MPO, urate, allantoin and oxypurinol were measured in plasma from 54 patients with gout and 27 healthy controls. Twenty-three patients had acute gout, 13 of whom were receiving allopurinol, and 31 had intercritical gout, 20 of whom were receiving allopurinol.

Oxidation contributes to low glutathione in the airways of children with cystic fibrosis.

Glutathione is an important antioxidant in the lungs but its concentration is low in the airways of patients with cystic fibrosis. Whether this deficit occurs from an early age or how oxidative stress contributes to lowering glutathione is unknown. We measured glutathione, its oxidation products, myeloperoxidase, and biomarkers of hypochlorous acid in bronchoalveolar lavage from children with cystic fibrosis and disease controls using mass spectrometry and immunological techniques.

Measuring chlorine bleach in biology and medicine.

Background: Chlorine bleach, or hypochlorous acid, is the most reactive two-electron oxidant produced in appreciable amounts in our bodies. Neutrophils are the main source of hypochlorous acid. These champions of the innate immune system use it to fight infection but also direct it against host tissue in inflammatory diseases.

Ceruloplasmin is an endogenous inhibitor of myeloperoxidase.

Myeloperoxidase is a neutrophil enzyme that promotes oxidative stress in numerous inflammatory pathologies. It uses hydrogen peroxide to catalyze the production of strong oxidants including chlorine bleach and free radicals. A physiological defense against the inappropriate action of this enzyme has yet to be identified.

Isoniazid as a substrate and inhibitor of myeloperoxidase: identification of amine adducts and the influence of superoxide dismutase on their formation.

Neutrophils ingest Mycobacteria tuberculosis (Mtb) in the lungs of infected individuals. During phagocytosis they use myeloperoxidase (MPO) to catalyze production of hypochlorous acid (HOCl), their most potent antimicrobial agent. Isoniazid (INH), the foremost antibiotic in the treatment of tuberculosis, is oxidized by MPO.

Myeloperoxidase and oxidative stress in rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: To determine whether MPO contributes to oxidative stress and disease activity in RA and whether it produces hypochlorous acid in SF.

Methods: Plasma and where possible SF were collected from 77 RA patients while 120 healthy controls supplied plasma only. MPO and protein carbonyls were measured by ELISAs.