Boldine reduces left ventricle oxidative stress in isoproterenol-induced adrenergic overload experimental model.

Sustained adrenergic overload in the heart causes maladaptive cardiac remodelling, which involves oxidative stress. Boldine (BOL) has antioxidant activity and represents a novel therapeutic approach. This study explored the cardioprotective role of BOL in adverse left ventricular remodelling induced by isoproterenol.

Modulation of neural networks and symptom correlated in fibromyalgia: A randomized double-blind multi-group explanatory clinical trial of home-based transcranial direct current stimulation.

Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) might modulate neural activity and promote neural plasticity in patients with fibromyalgia (FM). This multi-group randomized clinical trial compared home-based active tDCS (HB-a-tDCS) on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (l-DLPFC) or home-based sham tDCS (HB-s-tDCS), and HB-a-tDCS or HB-s-tDCS on the primary motor cortex (M1) in the connectivity analyses in eight regions of interest (ROIs) across eight resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) frequencies.

Methods: We included 48 women with FM, aged 30 to 65, randomly assigned to 2:1:2:1 to receive 20 sessions during 20 minutes of HB-a-tDCS 2mA or HB-s-tDCS, over l-DLPFC or M1, respectively.

Effect of home-based transcranial direct current stimulation combined with nutritional counseling therapy on binge eating disorder symptoms: A randomized pilot trial.

Objective: To examine the effect of nutritional counseling therapy (NCT) combined with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on Binge Eating Disorder (BED) symptoms.

Methods: 40 women with BED were randomly (ratio of 2:2:2) allocated to one of the groups: active tDCS (a-tDCS), NCT, sham tDCS (s-tDCS) with NCT, and a-tDCS with NCT. Home-based tDCS was applied to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for 28 sessions.

Long-lasting behavioral and neurochemical effects of early-life environmental enrichment in rats submitted to neonatal morphine administration.

The present study examined the medium- and long-term effects of early environmental enrichment (EE) on neuromotor, nociceptive, cognitive, behavioral, and neurochemical parameters in newborn rats repeatedly exposed to morphine. The study employed 90 Wistar rats: 10 adult nulliparous females and 80 male pups. Litter was split into standard and EE housing.

Hormone replacement therapy did not alleviate temporomandibular joint inflammatory pain in ovariectomized rats.

This study had the aim of examining the relationships between variations in estrogen levels resulting from ovariectomy, and estrogen hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in rats subjected to an orofacial inflammatory pain model. Eighty adult female Wistar rats were initially divided into 2 groups: Sham or ovariectomy (OVX-D1). Seven days later (D7), the rats were subjected to an unilateral infiltration of Freund's Complete Adjuvant (CFA) or saline solution into the right temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

Transcranial direct current stimulation is more effective than pregabalin in controlling nociceptive and anxiety-like behaviors in a rat fibromyalgia-like model.

Objectives: Despite the fact that fibromyalgia, a widespread disease of the musculoskeletal system, has no specific treatment, patients have shown improvement after pharmacological intervention. Pregabalin has demonstrated efficacy; however, its adverse effects may reduce treatment adherence. In this context, neuromodulatory techniques such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may be employed as a complementary pain-relieving method.

Impact of multiple-session home-based transcranial direct current stimulation (M-HB-tDCS) on eating behavior in fibromyalgia: A factorial randomized clinical trial.

Background: Multiple-session home-based self-applied transcranial direct current stimulation (M-HB-self-applied-tDCS) has previously been found to effectively reduce chronic pain and enhance cognitive function. However, the effectiveness of this method for disordered eating behavior still needs to be studied.

Objective: This study aimed to assess whether 20 sessions of M-HB-self-applied-tDCS, administered over four weeks to either the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (L-DLPFC) or primary motor cortex (M1), could improve various aspects of eating behavior, anthropometric measures, and adherence.

Short-term effectiveness of transcranial direct current stimulation in the nociceptive behavior of neuropathic pain rats in development.

Neuropathic pain (NP) is caused by a lesion that triggers pain chronification and central sensitization and it can develop in a different manner, dependent of age. Recent studies have demonstrated the efficacy of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for treating NP. Then, we aimed to investigate the effects of tDCS and BDNF levels in neuropathic pain rats in development, with 30 days old in the beginning of experiments.

High-beta oscillations at EEG resting state and hyperconnectivity of pain circuitry in fibromyalgia: an exploratory cross-sectional study.

Background: Electroencephalography (EEG) has identified neural activity in specific brain regions as a potential indicator of the neural signature of chronic pain. This study compared the lagged coherence connectivity between regions of interest (ROIs) associated with the pain connectome in women with fibromyalgia (FM) and healthy women (HC).

Methods: We evaluated 64 participants (49 FM and 15 HC) during resting-state EEG sessions under both eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC) conditions.

Preemptive transcranial direct current stimulation induces analgesia, prevents chronic inflammation and fibrosis, and promotes tissue repair in a rat model of postoperative pain.

This study evaluated the effects of previous exposure to Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on nociceptive, neuroinflammatory, and neurochemical parameters, in rats subjected to an incisional pain model. Forty adult male Wistar rats (60 days old; weighing ∼ 250 g) were divided into five groups: 1. control (C); 2.

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) Promotes state-dependent Effects on Neuroinflammatory and Behavioral Parameters in rats Chronically Exposed to Stress and a Hyper-Palatable Diet.

Chronic stress is a common condition affecting health, often associated with unhealthy eating habits. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been proposed to address these issues. Thus, this research investigated the effects of tDCS on biometric, behavioral, and neurochemical parameters in chronically stressed rats fed a hyper-palatable cafeteria diet (CAFD).

Nicotinamide riboside and dietary restriction effects on gut microbiota and liver inflammatory and morphologic markers in cafeteria diet-induced obesity in rats.

Objectives: No specific therapy is available for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease. We investigated nicotinamide riboside (NR) and dietary restriction (DR) effects in liver lipids, inflammation, histology, intestinal permeability, and gut microbiota in a cafeteria diet (CAFD)-induced obesity model.

Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to standard diet (SD) or CAFD.

The Application of Static Magnetic Stimulation Reduces Survival of SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells.

Background/aim: Central nervous system cancer is still a major public health issue. The effectiveness of treatments is limited and varies depending on the severity of disease. Therefore, there is a demand for the development of novel therapies.

[Low-dose naltrexone (LDN): consumption trend in Brazilian capitals and the Federal District, 2014-2020].

The scope of this paper is an ecological study to determine the consumption of low-dose naltrexone (LDN) in the 26 Brazilian capitals and the Federal District and monitor the trend between the years 2014 to 2020. Data collection on the dispensation of manipulated naltrexone was done through the National Management System of Controlled Products, published in 2020, considering low-dose prescriptions of up to 5 mg. The calculation of the dispensation coefficients used the population estimates of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.

Effects of Hypnotic Analgesia and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Pain Tolerance and Corticospinal Excitability in Individuals with Fibromyalgia: A Cross-Over Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective: We compare the effect of HAS, a-tDCS on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (l-DLPFC), and rest-testing on pain measures [(cold pressor test (CPT) (primary outcome) and heat pain threshold]. We also compare their effects on the motor evoked potential (MEP) (primary outcome), short intracortical inhibition (SICI), intracortical facilitation (ICF), and cortical silent period (CSP).

Methods: This randomized, blind, crossover trial included 18 women with fibromyalgia, aged from 18 to 65 years old.

Peripheral body temperature rhythm as a marker of the severity of depression symptoms in fibromyalgia.

Background: Circadian rhythm alterations have been reported in fibromyalgia (FM) and depression. Peripheral body temperature (PBT) is a reliable measure of the circadian system, so we compared the PBT rhythm between persons with FM and controls. We evaluated PBT correlation with depression symptoms and pain severity in women with FM.

Primary somatosensory cortex and periaqueductal gray functional connectivity as a marker of the dysfunction of the descending pain modulatory system in fibromyalgia.

Background: Resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) may aid in understanding the link between pain-modulating brain regions and the descending pain modulatory system (DPMS) in fibromyalgia (FM). This study investigated whether the differences in rs-FC of the primary somatosensory cortex in responders and non-responders to the conditioned pain modulation test (CPM-test) are related to pain, sleep quality, central sensitization, and the impact of FM on quality of life.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 33 females with FM.

Involvement of GABAergic, glutamatergic, opioidergic, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor systems in the trigeminal neuropathic pain process.

Trigeminal neuropathic pain (TNP) is an intense pain condition characterized by hyperalgesia and allodynia; however, its neural mechanisms are not completely understood. Its management is complex, and studies that investigate its biochemical mechanisms are important for improving clinical approaches. This study aimed to evaluate the involvement of GABAergic, glutamatergic, and opioidergic systems and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in the TNP process in rats.

Functional connectivity response to acute pain assessed by fNIRS is associated with BDNF genotype in fibromyalgia: an exploratory study.

Fibromyalgia is a heterogenous primary pain syndrome whose severity has been associated with descending pain modulatory system (DPMS) function and functional connectivity (FC) between pain processing areas. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Val66Met single nucleotide polymorphism has been linked to vulnerability to chronic pain. In this cross-sectional imaging genetics study, we investigated fibromyalgia, the relationship between BDNF Val66Met heterozygous genotypes (Val/Met), and the functional connectivity (FC) response pattern to acute pain stimulus in the motor (MC) and prefrontal (PFC) cortex assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) before and after a cold pressor test utilizing water (0-1 °C).

Association between descending pain modulatory system and cognitive impairment in fibromyalgia: A cross-sectional exploratory study.

Background: The successful regulation of sensory input to the central nervous system depends on the descending pain modulatory system (DPMS). For the effective regulation of sensory input to the central nervous system and behavioral responses to pain, the DPMS is required. Its connection to fibromyalgia (FM)-related cognitive dysfunction has not yet been investigated.

Hyper-connectivity between the left motor cortex and prefrontal cortex is associated with the severity of dysfunction of the descending pain modulatory system in fibromyalgia.

Introduction: The association between descending pain modulatory system (DPMS) dysfunction and fibromyalgia has been previously described, but more studies are required on its relationship with aberrant functional connectivity (FC) between the motor and prefrontal cortices.

Objectives: The objective of this cross-sectional observational study was to compare the intra- and interhemispheric FC between the bilateral motor and prefrontal cortices in women with fibromyalgia, comparing responders and nonresponders to the conditioned pain modulation (CPM) test.

Methods: A cross-sectional sample of 37 women (23 responders and 14 nonresponders to the CPM test) with fibromyalgia diagnosed according to the American College of Rheumatology criteria underwent a standardized clinical assessment and an FC analysis using functional near-infrared spectroscopy.

Evidence of Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in a CFA-Induced Chronic Inflammatory Pain Model in Wistar Rats.

Introduction: Given that chronic inflammatory pain is highly prevalent worldwide, it is important to study new techniques to treat or relieve this type of pain. The present study evaluated the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in rats submitted to a chronic inflammatory model by nociceptive response, biomarker levels (brain-derived neurotrophic factor [BDNF] and interleukin [IL]-6 and IL-10), and by histological parameters.

Methods: Sixty-day-old male Wistar rats were used in this study and randomized by weight into 6 major groups: total control, control + sham-tDCS, control + active tDCS, total CFA, CFA + sham-tDCS, and CFA + active tDCS.

Spectral Power Density analysis of the resting-state as a marker of the central effects of opioid use in fibromyalgia.

Spectral power density (SPD) indexed by electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings has recently gained attention in elucidating neural mechanisms of chronic pain syndromes and medication use. We compared SPD variations between 15 fibromyalgia (FM) women in use of opioid in the last three months (73.33% used tramadol) with 32 non-users.

Transcranial direct current stimulation alters anxious-like behavior and neural parameters in rats with chronic pain exposed to alcohol.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on anxiety-like behavior and neural parameters in rats with chronic pain exposed to alcohol. Thirty-six adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to control (CT), neuropathic pain (NP), NPtDCS, NP + alcohol (NPAL), or NPALtDCS groups, subjected to sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI) and exposed to alcohol (20% v/v solution, 4 g/kg) or vehicle by gavage for 15 days. Afterward, rats were treated using bimodal tDCS (0.