Growth and cognitive outcome in very preterm infants with postnatal cytomegalovirus infection.

Introduction There are conflicting data on the association between postnatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and growth and cognitive outcome in very preterm infants. The aim of the current study was to systematically evaluate the effect of postnatal CMV infection on growth and cognitive outcome in an unselected, contemporary cohort of very preterm infants. Methods Infants <32 gestational weeks (2011-2018) were screened for postnatal CMV infection.

Postnatal cytomegalovirus infections did not alter amplitude-integrated electroencephalography signals or general movements in preterm infants.

Aim: Controversy prevails about whether postnatal cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections are associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. We aimed to investigate whether amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) signals and General Movement Assessment (GMA) scores differed in very preterm infants with postnatal CMV infections.

Methods: This was a retrospective single-centre study, conducted at Innsbruck Medical University Hospital, Austria, between February 2011 and November 2018.

Factors Influencing Breast Milk Antibody Titers during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: An Observational Study.

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the role of breastfeeding in providing passive immunity to infants via specific anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in breast milk. We aimed to quantify these antibodies across different lactation stages and identify influencing factors. This prospective study involved mother-child dyads from Innsbruck University Hospital, Austria, with a positive maternal SARS-CoV-2 test during pregnancy or peripartum between 2020 and 2023.

Relationship between Brain Function and Microstructural Brain Maturation in Preterm Infants.

Introduction: Preterm infants are at risk for impairment in brain maturation at term equivalent age (TEA). Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a powerful magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique, quantitatively reflecting microstructural brain development of white matter regions with parameters such as fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). Amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) assesses electrocortical activity and brain function.

Association of aEEG and brain injury severity on MRI at term-equivalent age in preterm infants.

Aim: Measures to detect and monitor brain injury in preterm infants are amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To investigate the association between aEEG and MRI in a large cohort of preterm infants. Five hundred and twenty-three preterm infants were included in the study.

Striatal Lacunar Infarction in a Late Preterm Infant Born to a Mother with Active Peripartum SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Background: The current literature suggests that neonatal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections generally have a mild course. Data on how in utero exposure to maternal infection affects neonatal health outcomes are limited, but there is evidence that neurological damage to the fetus and thromboembolic events may occur. .

Pituitary Stalk Interruption Syndrome - Clinical Presentation and Management of a Potentially Life-threatening Disease in Newborns.

Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) is a rare congenital disease resulting in hypopituitarism of variable degree. Serious courses, due to severe combined pituitary insufficiency, are even rarer and associated with a very early manifestation immediately after birth. First clinical signs are elusive and lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment, often resulting in life-threatening complications.

MicroRNA Expression Profiles as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers of Perinatal Asphyxia and Hypoxic-Ischaemic Encephalopathy.

Introduction: Perinatal asphyxia is a leading cause of neonatal death. Up to one-third of asphyxiated neonates suffer from hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) with substantial long-term morbidity. Currently available diagnostic and prognostic tools bear limitations, and additional reliable biomarkers are needed for all stages of clinical management.

The effect of levomepromazine on the healthy and injured developing mouse brain - An and study.

Levomepromazine (LMP) is a phenothiazine neuroleptic drug with strong analgesic and sedative properties that is increasingly used off-label in pediatrics and is being discussed as an adjunct therapy in neonatal intensive care. Basic research points towards neuroprotective potential of phenothiazines, but LMP's effect on the developing brain is currently unknown. The aim of the present study was to assess LMP as a pharmacologic strategy in established neonatal and models of the healthy and injured developing mouse brain.