Publications by authors named "Ira Kraemer"
The auditory brainstem response (ABR) is an acoustically evoked EEG potential that is an important diagnostic tool for hearing loss, especially in newborns. The ABR originates from the response sequence of auditory brainstem nuclei, and a click-evoked ABR typically shows three positive peaks ('waves') within the first six milliseconds. However, an assignment of the waves of the ABR to specific sources is difficult, and a quantification of contributions to the ABR waves is not available.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Interaural time differences (ITDs) are crucial for sound localization and can change with head size; barn owls experience significant head growth shortly after hatching.
- Researchers hypothesized that the ITD detection circuits in barn owls could be modified by auditory experience, testing this by using unilateral ear inserts that altered sound input.
- The study found that while ITD maps in the brainstem nucleus laminaris (NL) were altered due to experience, changes were only seen on the side of the manipulated ear and in specific areas that had auditory stimulation prior to insert use, suggesting independent regulation of ITD circuits based on ear input.
Barn owls experience increasing interaural time differences (ITDs) during development, because their head width more than doubles in the month after hatching. We therefore hypothesized that their ITD detection circuit might be modified by experience. To test this, we raised owls with unilateral ear inserts that delayed and attenuated the acoustic signal, then measured the ITD representation in the brainstem nucleus laminaris (NL) when they were adult.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF