Validity and Repeatability Characteristics of a Non-Invasive, Infrared-Based Method Estimating Plasma Indocyanine Green Decay in Healthy Dogs.

Plasma clearance of indocyanine green (ICG-CL) is an invasive method to evaluate liver dysfunction. We aimed to investigate the practicality of a noninvasive, transcutaneous, infrared-based method estimating the disappearance rate of indocyanine green (ICG-PDR). In a randomized, cross-over study, both ICG-CL and ICG-PDR were determined in eight healthy dogs while conscious and when sedated with medetomidine and medetomidine-vatinoxan.

Efficacy of lumbosacral and sacrococcygeal epidural ropivacaine in dogs undergoing surgery for perineal hernia.

Epidural anesthesia is commonly administered as part of balanced anesthesia for perioperative analgesia. The main goal of this randomized clinical trial was to compare the efficacy of two epidural approaches in dogs undergoing surgery for a perineal hernia. A secondary aim was to compare motor blockade.

Effects of vatinoxan in dogs premedicated with medetomidine and butorphanol followed by sevoflurane anaesthesia: a randomized clinical study.

Objective: To investigate effects of vatinoxan in dogs, when administered as intravenous (IV) premedication with medetomidine and butorphanol before anaesthesia for surgical castration.

Study Design: A randomized, controlled, blinded, clinical trial.

Animals: A total of 28 client-owned dogs.

Concentrations of medetomidine enantiomers and vatinoxan, an α-adrenoceptor antagonist, in plasma and central nervous tissue after intravenous coadministration in dogs.

Objective: To quantify the peripheral selectivity of vatinoxan (L-659,066, MK-467) in dogs by comparing the concentrations of vatinoxan, dexmedetomidine and levomedetomidine in plasma and central nervous system (CNS) tissue after intravenous (IV) coadministration of vatinoxan and medetomidine.

Study Design: Experimental, observational study.

Animals: A group of six healthy, purpose-bred Beagle dogs (four females and two males) aged 6.

Cardiovascular and sedation reversal effects of intramuscular administration of atipamezole in dogs treated with medetomidine hydrochloride with or without the peripheral α-adrenoceptor antagonist vatinoxan hydrochloride.

Objective: To investigate the cardiovascular and sedation reversal effects of IM administration of atipamezole (AA) in dogs treated with medetomidine hydrochloride (MED) or MED and vatinoxan (MK-467).

Animals: 8 purpose-bred, 2-year-old Beagles.

Procedures: A randomized, blinded, crossover study was performed in which each dog received 2 IM treatments at a ≥ 2-week interval as follows: injection of MED (20 μg/kg) or MED mixed with 400 μg of vatinoxan/kg (MEDVAT) 30 minutes before AA (100 μg/kg).

Peripheral α-adrenoceptor antagonism affects the absorption of intramuscularly coadministered drugs.

Objective: We determined the possible effects of a peripherally acting α-adrenoceptor antagonist, MK-467, on the absorption of intramuscularly (IM) coadministered medetomidine, butorphanol and midazolam.

Study Design: Randomized, experimental, blinded crossover study.

Animals: Six healthy Beagle dogs.