How Patient Education Influences Utilization of Nonpharmacological Modalities for Persistent Pain Management: An Integrative Review.

Objectives: Opioid analgesic misuse and abuse has given rise to an epidemic that has added to an increase in opioid-related overdoses and deaths. Adults with persistent noncancer pain (PNCP) are primarily treated with opioid analgesics. Many remain on these medications long term.