Anti-Diabetic Activities and Molecular Docking Studies of Aryl-Substituted Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine Derivatives Synthesized via Suzuki Cross-Coupling Reaction.

Pyrazolo[3,4-]pyridine scaffolds have been heavily exploited in the development of nitrogen-containing heterocycles with numerous therapeutic applications in the field of medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry. The present work describes the synthesis of eighteen biaryl pyrazolo[3,4-]pyridine ester (-) and hydrazide (-) derivatives via the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction. These derivatives were subsequently screened for their therapeutic potential to inhibit the diabetic α-amylase enzyme, which is a key facet of the development of anti-diabetic agents.

Synthesis of Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine Derivatives and Their In-Vitro and In-Silico Antidiabetic Activities.

In the current study, new pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine esters, hydrazides, and Schiff bases have been synthesized starting from 3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-amine. The first step involved solvent-free synthesis of pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine-6-carboxylate derivatives (2a-d) with 55%-70% yield in the minimum time frame compared with the conventional refluxing method, which was followed by the synthesis of corresponding hydrazides (3a-d) and hydrazones (4a-e). The structures of the synthesized derivatives were confirmed using element analysis, FT-IR, H NMR, C NMR, and LC-MS techniques.