Burden of congenital and hereditary anomalies and their epidemiological attributes in the pediatric and adult population of Peshawar valley, Pakistan.

Objectives: To elucidate the burden and clinico-epidemiological attributes of congenital and hereditary anomalies (CA) in the extended Peshawar Valley of Pakistan.

Method: This is a multicenter cross sectional study carried out in Buner, Charsadda, Mardan, Nowshera, Peshawar and Swabi districts, during 2017-2021. The pediatric and adult patients with CA were recruited from hospitals, public places and through door-to-door surveys.

Can a prostate biopsy be safely deferred on PI-RADS 1,2 or 3 lesions seen on pre-biopsy mp-MRI?

Introduction: Multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mp-MRI) is currently used to triage patients with suspected prostate cancer, before deciding on prostate biopsies. In our study, we evaluated normal and equivocal pre-biopsy mp-MRIs to see whether it is safe to avoid biopsy with such findings.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at a district general hospital in the UK between August 2017 and July 2018.

Treatment of pediatric bilateral condylar fractures: A comprehensive analysis.

Pediatric bilateral condylar fractures (PBCF) is a rare clinical pathology, where the management is carried out with both conservative and surgical approaches. The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare these two treatment approaches and their associated long term complications in PBCF. An extensive literature review- through the search of online databases- was conducted to survey, collect, analyze and compare the reported outcomes of different treatment modalities for PBCF.

A Lesson in Standardization - Subtle Aspects of the Processing of Samples Can Greatly Affect Dogs' Learning.

Training new medical odors presents challenges in procuring sufficient target samples, and suitably matched controls. Organizations are often forced to choose between using fewer samples and risking dogs learning individuals or using differently sourced samples. Even when aiming to standardize all aspects of collection, processing, storage and presentation, this risks there being subtle differences which dogs use to discriminate, leading to artificially high performance, not replicable when novel samples are presented.

Inpatient rehabilitation of patients requiring hemodialysis: improving efficiency of care.

Objective: To determine if reducing missed therapy sessions by patients requiring hemodialysis will reduce the length of stay (LOS) and improve the efficiency of care in an inpatient rehabilitation unit.

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: Inpatient rehabilitation unit at a university medical center.